Cleaner heating choices in northern rural China: Household factors and the dual substitution policy

Wang, Zhen; Li, Cai; Cui, Can; Hui, Liu; Cai, Bofeng

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109433

Cited by 65 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Aircraft measurement of ΔBC/ΔCO vertically ranged from 0.1 to 4.8 in European Arctic (Liu, Quennehen, et al, 2015) while around 2–4.2 ng m −3 ppb −1 in East Asia (Kondo et al, 2016). Though the intrinsic uncertainties from different BC measurement techniques such as between filter and airborne measurements (Schmid et al, 2006) may cause some discrepancies among studies, our observation here in general fell within the range of previous studies, but slightly lower than the results conducted years ago, which may be partly attributed to the much reduced BC emission over northern China due to the cleaner acts (Shen, 2015; Wang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

Black Carbon Emission and Wet Scavenging From Surface to the Top of Boundary Layer Over Beijing Region

et al. 2020

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The heating impacts caused by black carbon (BC) may modify the atmospheric dynamics of planetary boundary layer (PBL), essentially determined by its vertical distribution. In this study we performed simultaneous measurements of detailed BC properties at both surface (50 m) and mountain sites (1,344 m) over Beijing region. The latter represents the top of PBL and was influenced by surface anthropogenic emissions, particularly around midday when PBL was developed, allowing continuous investigations on the evolution of BC during vertical transport in the PBL. Experiments in cold and warm seasons were performed to reflect seasonal difference in emission and meteorology: Winter had additional emission of residential heating and dry air; summer had moist air with more precipitation. The net ratio of BC/CO relative to background (ΔBC/ΔCO) is used to indicate the emission signature and scavenging of BC. At surface, both seasons peaked at similar ΔBC/ΔCO, however showed contrast shifts between both sites. In winter, mountain showed slightly higher ΔBC/ΔCO than surface due to receiving sources from wider area, whereas in summer, a refractory black carbon (rBC) mass scavenging efficiency of 35–62% was derived from the significantly lowered ΔBC/ΔCO on mountain. This scavenging process could incorporate BC into the summer moist air or low‐level clouds on a daily basis, exerting potential indirect effects. The resultant BC after scavenging exhibited smaller core size and increased coatings, leading to higher absorption efficiency by 45%. These factors should improve the representation of boundary layer processing of BC in evaluating its direct and indirect radiative impacts over the anthropogenically influenced region.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

Black Carbon Emission and Wet Scavenging From Surface to the Top of Boundary Layer Over Beijing Region

et al. 2020

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“…For example, rural houses do not have the conditions for pipeline renovation. Residents are supposed to be given more freedom to choose (Wang et al, 2019b). Besides, the practice of Beijing Guohua and Huaneng Thermal Power Plants has proved that through online monitoring, large-scale coal-fired thermal power plants can meet the basic requirements for environmental protection.…”

Section: Hindrances Caused By the Policy Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis on the Hindrances of the Implementation of the CTG Switching Policies in Rural Areas in Hebei Province: A Smith Policy-Implementing-Process Framework

Ren¹

2020

JSS

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To improve the air quality, Chinese governments issued a series of policies to carry out the coal-togas (CTG) transition. However, the implementation of CTG switching policies has been hindered in practice, which has caused a lot of negative effects. Therefore, this essay aims to analyze the hindrances of the implementation of CTG switching policies in rural areas in Hebei province by using Qingzhou Town as a case, employing interviews on officials from implementing organizations and the questionnaire survey method for rural residents. The Smith Policy-Implementing-Process Framework (the Smith model) was used as the theoretical framework to provide a complete analysis of policy implementation hindrances regarding idealized policy, implementing organization, target group, and environmental factors. According to the survey results, there were 10 main hindrances including the problem with policy design, such as simplified policy goal and one-size-fits-all problem; the lack of flexibility, excessive implementation by the implementing organization; target group's weak environmental awareness, insufficient economic incentives, and low level of participation and policy understanding; several environmental factors, such as the imperfect supervision and performance evaluation mechanism, the ineffective market mechanism, limited gas resource channels, and insufficient infrastructure.

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“…NOx emission concentrations and operating vent numbers are effective indicators of industrial production [25] . NOx in the ambient atmosphere is mainly present in the form of nitric oxide (NO) and NO 2 [26] , which are closely related to the combustion of energy fuels (i.e., coal, oil, and natural gas) for power generation [27] and heating [28] , industrial processing [29] , biomass burning [30] , and other natural processes [31] . Its spatial agglomeration is related to the development of the regional social economy [32] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of the COVID-19 event on the NOx emissions of key polluting enterprises in China

Yang

Cai

et al. 2021

Applied Energy

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Cleaner heating choices in northern rural China: Household factors and the dual substitution policy

Cited by 65 publications

References 33 publications

Black Carbon Emission and Wet Scavenging From Surface to the Top of Boundary Layer Over Beijing Region

Black Carbon Emission and Wet Scavenging From Surface to the Top of Boundary Layer Over Beijing Region

An Analysis on the Hindrances of the Implementation of the CTG Switching Policies in Rural Areas in Hebei Province: A Smith Policy-Implementing-Process Framework

Impacts of the COVID-19 event on the NOx emissions of key polluting enterprises in China

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