Cleft Palate and Speech

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics

2004

Individuals with cleft palate, even those with adequate velopharyngeal function, are at high risk for disordered lingual articulation. This article attempts to summarise current knowledge of abnormal tongue-palate contact patterns derived from electropalatographic (EPG) data in speakers with cleft palate. These data, which have been reported in 23 articles published over the past 20 years, have added significantly to our knowledge about cleft palate speech. Eight abnormal patterns of tongue-palate contact are described and illustrated with data from children and adults with repaired cleft palate. The paper also discusses some of the problems in interpreting EPG data from speakers with abnormal craniofacial anatomy and emphasises the importance of quantifying relevant aspects of tongue-palate contact data.Areas of research requiring further investigation are outlined.

Section: Pattern 2 Retraction To Palatal or Velar Placementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal patterns of tongue‐palate contact in the speech of individuals with cleft palate

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics

2004

“…Nonetheless, some children with speech disorders, most notably those with cleft palate, do produce the oral stops /t/ and /d/ as errors. These errors often involve abnormally retracted placement such as palatal, velar, pharyngeal or glottal articulations (Morley, 1970;McWilliams, Morris and Shelton, 1990;Trost, 1981). Some children with retracted placement for /t/, /d/ are at the same time able to articulate /n/ with correct alveolar placement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal adult speakers' tongue palate contact patterns for alveolar oral and nasal stops

Advances in Speech Language Pathology

Yuen

Lee

et al. 2007

Access to the full text of the published version may require a subscription. (2) bilateral constriction; and (3) zero posterior central contact. Total amount of contact and variability were also measured. The results showed that almost all (99%) stops met criteria 1 and 3, with fewer articulations (88% of /t/; 83% of /d/ and 55% of /n/) meeting criterion 2. RightsAlthough all stops had similar spatial patterns, /t/ and /d/ had more contact and were more likely to have bilateral constriction than /n/. There were no differences in variability between /t/, /d/ and /n/, however. The clinical implications of the results for the management of individuals with speech disorders are discussed.

“…The lack of attention may be due to the widely held view that the "intelligibility of vowel sounds in cleft palate is rarely affected" (Morley, 1970). Studies using perceptually-based (listener) evaluations have supported the view that vowel errors are rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tongue-Palate Contact during Selected Vowels in Normal Speech

The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal

Lee

Yuen

2010

Access to the full text of the published version may require a subscription. RightsGibbon, F. E., Lee, A. Objective: Previous research using electropalatography (EPG) has revealed that high vowels are vulnerable to articulation errors in cleft palate speech. The error involves complete tongue palate contact, which obstructs normal airflow through the mouth and increases nasal airflow. This study used EPG to provide a more detailed description of typical tongue palate contact for high vowels than currently exists. Design: EPG and acoustic data were recorded for multiple repetitions of monophthongs /i/, /u/, /a/ and diphthongs, /ai/, /oi/, /au/. Participants: Ten typical English-speaking adults. Measures: Two measures were taken from EPG data during vowels; one identified EPG patterns with complete tongue palate contact and a second calculated percentage contact at 5 time points. Results: None of the vowels had EPG patterns with complete tongue palate contact. The amount of contact varied for the different vowels, at the 5 time points throughout the vowels and also between speakers. When contact occurred, it was located in the posterior, lateral regions of the palate forming a central groove that was free of contact. Conclusion: Complete tongue palate contact during vowels is not a feature of typical English speech and can be considered an error pattern. The normative date provided in this study will be useful to speech-language pathologists who use EPG in their clinical work. The implications of the findings are discussed in relation to the assessment of vowels in cleft palate speech.