Clientelism and Planning in the Informal Settlements of Developing Democracies

Deuskar, Chandan

doi:10.1177/0885412219842520

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In this regard, political clientelism is what guarantees their access to the state, basic services and public goods. Deuskar (2019) demonstrates that while clientelism provides the poor with some access to the state, it also prevents them from participating fully in democracy and hinders the long-term provision of public goods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding policy framework for slum governance in a developing country

Agyabeng

Bawole

Ahenkan

et al. 2022

IJPL

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PurposeSlum discourse has attracted significant research interest among scholars. The study examined the policy framework for slum governance in Ghana with the goal of offering recommendations to structure slum management.Design/methodology/approachAnchored on exploratory qualitative methodology, the study utilized a purposive sampling technique to select 18 respondents from the major ministries for in-depth interviews.FindingsThe results showed an absence of a central national policy for slum governance because slums development has received less national priority. It also revealed a lack of coordination among the sector ministries in policy formulation, which tends to create a blame game among them. Further, it was found that slum programs are driven by media-political and non-governmental actors.Research limitations/implicationsThe conclusion and the outcome of this study cannot be generalized as to represent the whole ministries in Ghana in the space of slums management due to the qualitative approach. A recommendation is offered for the creation of a separate authority to take charge of the slums in Ghana.Practical implicationsThis study elucidates a context-specific understanding of the policy framework for slum governance, which tends to shape public knowledge and policy landscape.Originality/valueAs a novelty, the findings of the study advanced the sparse literature in the domain and, at the same time, helped politicians and policymakers understand the need for a dedicated policy for slums.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding policy framework for slum governance in a developing country

Agyabeng

Bawole

Ahenkan

et al. 2022

IJPL

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“…As noticed by researchers in other countries (for India see Auerbach and Thachil, 2018;Deuskar, 2019), political parties in Nepal have made land distribution a tool to expand their clientele and boost their votes (Ninglekhu, 2016). Informal settlers are also using their political connections to expand their settlements, increase their access to public services and legitimise those services (ibid; Shrestha et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussion: Towards Socially Just Transitions?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusive Policies, Exclusionary Practices: Unfolding the Paradox of Prolonged Urban Informality Debates in Urbanising Nepal

Shrestha¹,

Poudel²,

Ensor³

2022

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Social inclusion and poverty alleviation are central to the United Nations (UN) new urban agenda and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially Goal 11 on sustainable cities and communities. In Nepal, the goal of the National Urban Agenda is to “make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, sustainable and smart to enhance their ability to provide decent jobs and adequate housing, infrastructure and services to the ever-growing urban population”. Against this backdrop, many international and national non-governmental organisations and the national federations of informal settlers in Nepal have been advocating for the rights of urban informal settlers to be included in the urban planning processes. In response, the Nepal government has formulated new policies to assess the “authenticity” of informal settlers and accelerate the informal to formal transition process. Drawing from the textual analysis of existing national policies, literature and media publications, in this paper, we document what (dis)connections and contradictions exist in the formal policies and interventions that the national government has designed for addressing urban informality issue and how they frame urban informality issues and the solutions to manage the same. Our analysis shows that although government policies are rhetorically inclusive and progressive, indicating a desire to resolve informality issues, policies issued by different ministries and departments are disconnected. We also find that the practices often contradict the policies, and attempts to secure transitions to formality are undermined by a failure to recognise the legitimate stake that informal settlers have in the process. We conclude by discussing how these contradictions and inconsistencies can potentially be redirected towards socially just urban transition and suggesting ways forward for addressing the protracted urban informality issue in Nepal.

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“…The long histories of struggle and failed interventions in informal settlements frequently lead to skepticism of ready-made solutions that seem "too good," especially if presented by people "from outside." Clientelist practices and forgotten campaign promises by politicians reinforce informal settlement residents' skepticism of quick fixes and readymade solutions (Deuskar, 2019). Such histories and realities demonstrate the importance of mobilizing residents to develop agency and ownership over the project and process.…”

Section: Mobilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Land Trusts in Contexts of Informality: Process, politics and challenges of implementation

Basile¹,

Ribeiro²

2022

RHJ

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Informal settlements house a significant portion of the world's population, who frequently struggle due to lack of proper housing, urban infrastructure, and insecure tenure. This is an overwhelming reality in Global South countries, requiring alternatives to guarantee permanent and secure affordable housing to residents while promoting community empowerment and quality of life improvements. Community land trusts offer promise for housing struggles due to their mechanism of securing housing affordability permanently and their premise of community control of development. However, despite such promise, there are scarce experiences of community land trusts in contexts of informality. Based on recent and ongoing CLT implementation experiences in Puerto Rico and Brazil, we explore the process, politics, and challenges of community land trust implementation in informal settlements. We consider its potentiality to support housing struggles and mitigate long-lasting dispossession in different urban and housing realities throughout the urban Global South.

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Clientelism and Planning in the Informal Settlements of Developing Democracies

Cited by 21 publications

References 65 publications

Understanding policy framework for slum governance in a developing country

Understanding policy framework for slum governance in a developing country

Inclusive Policies, Exclusionary Practices: Unfolding the Paradox of Prolonged Urban Informality Debates in Urbanising Nepal

Community Land Trusts in Contexts of Informality: Process, politics and challenges of implementation

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