Climate Change from 1850 to 2005 Simulated in CESM1(WACCM)

Marsh, Daniel R.; Mills, Michael J.; Kinnison, Douglas E.; Lamarque, Jean‐François; Calvo, Natalia; Polvani, Lorenzo M.

doi:10.1175/jcli-d-12-00558.1

Cited by 859 publications

(913 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…NCEP profiles of temperature and pressure are included in the retrieval. The OCS a priori mixing ratio profiles were obtained from the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) [Marsh et al, 2013]; profiles were adjusted based on the mean tropopause height at each site.…”

Section: Geophysical Research Letters Research Lettermentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive trends in Southern Hemisphere carbonyl sulfide

Kremser

Jones

Palm

et al. 2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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Transport of carbonyl sulfide (OCS) from the troposphere to the stratosphere contributes sulfur to the stratospheric aerosol layer, which reflects incoming short‐wave solar radiation, cooling the climate system. Previous analyses of OCS observations have shown no significant trend, suggesting that OCS is unlikely to be a major contributor to the reported increases in stratospheric aerosol loading and indicating a balanced OCS budget. Here we present analyses of ground‐based Fourier transform spectrometer measurements of OCS at three Southern Hemisphere sites spanning 34.45°S to 77.80°S. At all three sites statistically significant positive trends are seen from 2001 to 2014 with an observed overall trend in total column OCS at Wollongong of 0.73 ± 0.03%/yr, at Lauder of 0.43 ± 0.02%/yr, and at Arrival Heights of 0.45 ± 0.05%/yr. These observed trends in OCS imply that the OCS budget is not balanced and could contribute to constraints on current estimates of sources and sinks.

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Section: Geophysical Research Letters Research Lettermentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive trends in Southern Hemisphere carbonyl sulfide

Kremser

Jones

Palm

et al. 2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…In this study we use a series of simulations with NCAR's Community Earth System Model (CESM) model (Marsh et al, 2013) to quantify the contributions of the above discussed factors -Solar, SSTs, QBO, Aerosol and GHGs -to the recently observed variability in the TTL.…”

Section: W Wang Et Al: Contributions To Recent Ttl Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying contributions to the recent temperature variability in the tropical tropopause layer

2015

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Abstract. The recently observed variability in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL), which features a warming of 0.9 K over the past decade (2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011), is investigated with a number of sensitivity experiments from simulations with NCAR's CESM-WACCM chemistry-climate model. The experiments have been designed to specifically quantify the contributions from natural as well as anthropogenic factors, such as solar variability (Solar), sea surface temperatures (SSTs), the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), stratospheric aerosols (Aerosol), greenhouse gases (GHGs) and the dependence on the vertical resolution in the model. The results show that, in the TTL from 2001 through 2011, a cooling in tropical SSTs leads to a weakening of tropical upwelling around the tropical tropopause and hence relative downwelling and adiabatic warming of 0.3 K decade −1 ; stronger QBO westerlies result in a 0.2 K decade −1 warming; increasing aerosols in the lower stratosphere lead to a 0.2 K decade −1 warming; a prolonged solar minimum contributes about 0.2 K decade −1 to a cooling; and increased GHGs have no significant influence. Considering all the factors mentioned above, we compute a net 0.5 K decade −1 warming, which is less than the observed 0.9 K decade −1 warming over the past decade in the TTL. Two simulations with different vertical resolution show that, with higher vertical resolution, an extra 0.8 K decade −1 warming can be simulated through the last decade compared with results from the "standard" low vertical resolution simulation. Model results indicate that the recent warming in the TTL is partly caused by stratospheric aerosols and mainly due to internal variability, i.e. the QBO and tropical SSTs. The vertical resolution can also strongly influence the TTL temperature response in addition to variability in the QBO and SSTs.

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“…Thanks to its model top as high as 6·10 −6 hPa the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model WACCM (Marsh et al, 2013) is a well-established data source for studies of middle-atmospheric dynamics. WACCM has a specified dynamics version named SD-WACCM (Lamarque et al, 2012;Kunz et al, 2011) which is suitable for intercomparisons with measurement data.…”

Section: Sd-waccmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of middle-atmospheric wind in observations and models

Rüfenacht

Baumgarten

Hildebrand

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. Wind profile information throughout the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere (USLM) is important for the understanding of atmospheric dynamics but became available only recently, thanks to developments in remote sensing techniques and modelling approaches. However, as wind measurements from these altitudes are still very rare, such products havegenerally not yet been validated with (other) observations. This paper presents the first long-term intercomparison of wind observations in the USLM by opposing co-located microwave radiometer and lidar instruments at Andenes (69.3 • N, 16.0 • E). 5Good correspondence has been found at all altitudes for both horizontal wind components for nighttime as well as daylight conditions. Biases are mostly within the random errors and do not exceed 5-10 m/s which is less than 10% of the typically encountered wind speeds. Moreover, comparisons of the observations with the major re-analyses and models covering this altitude range are shown, especially also with the freshly released ERA5, ECMWF's first re-analysis to cover the whole USLM region. The agreement between models and observations is very good in general, but temporally limited occurrences of pro-10 nounced discrepancies (up to 40 m/s) exist. In the article's appendix the possibility of obtaining nighttime wind information about the mesopause region by means of microwave radiometry is investigated.

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Climate Change from 1850 to 2005 Simulated in CESM1(WACCM)

Cited by 859 publications

References 53 publications

Positive trends in Southern Hemisphere carbonyl sulfide

Positive trends in Southern Hemisphere carbonyl sulfide

Quantifying contributions to the recent temperature variability in the tropical tropopause layer

Validation of middle-atmospheric wind in observations and models

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