Climate Driven Water Resources Model of the Sacramento Basin, California

Yates, David; Purkey, David; Sieber, Jack; Huber-Lee, Annette; Galbraith, Hector; West, Jordan M.; Herrod-Julius, Susan; Young, Charles A.; Joyce, Brian; Rayej, Mohammad

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9496(2009)135:5(303)

Cited by 66 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Catchment functioning is simulated through the soil moisture method in WEAP, where a water mass balance is computed for each catchment unit and fractional land use área (see Yates et al, 2005Yates et al, , 2009 for a detailed discussion of the model algorithms). In brief this method considers one dimensional, two-compartment (or 'bucket') soil moisture scheme to calcúlate irrigation, evapotranspiration, surface runoff sub-surface runoff (interflow), percolation, and base flow, based on a set of agronomic and hydrologic parameters: crop coefficients for several stages of the plan growth (initial, development, middle, and late) (Kc); runoff-resistance factor (Rrf); preferred flow direction (Fd); effective water-holding capacity of the upper and deep soil layers (Swc and Dwc); hydraulic conductivity rates of the upper and deep soil layers (Ki and K2); relative storage of the upper and deep soil layers (Zi and Z2).…”

Section: The Hydrologic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated assessment of policy interventions for promoting sustainable irrigation in semi-arid environments: A hydro-economic modeling approach

Ferrer

Varela‐Ortega

Purkey

2013

Journal of Environmental Management

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Keywords:Water management Sustainable irrigation Hydro-economic modeling Policy analysis Semi-arid regions Sustaining irrigated agriculture to meet food production needs while maintaining aquatic ecosystems is at the heart of many policy debates in various parts of the world, especially in arid and semi-arid áreas. Researchers and practitioners are increasingly calling for integrated approaches, and policy-makers are progressively supporting the inclusión of ecological and social aspects in water management programs. This paper contributes to this policy debate by providing an integrated economic-hydrologic modeling framework that captures the socio-economic and environmental effects of various policy initiatives and climate variability. This modeling integration includes a risk-based economic optimization model and a hydrologic water management simulation model that have been specified for the Middle Guadiana basin, a vulnerable drought-prone agro-ecological área with highly regulated river systems in southwest Spain. Namely, two key water policy interventions were investigated: the implementation of mínimum environmental ñows (supported by the European Water Framework Directive, EU WFD), and a reduction in the legal amount of water delivered for irrigation (planned measure included in the new Guadiana River Basin Management Plan, GRBMP, still under discussion). Results indícate that current patterns of excessive water use for irrigation in the basin may put environmental ñow demands at risk, jeopardizing the WFD's goal of restoring the 'good ecological status' of water bodies by 2015. Conñicts between environmental and agricultural water uses will be stressed during prolonged dry episodes, and particularly in summer low-ñow periods, when there is an important increase of crop irrigation water requirements. Securing mínimum stream ñows would entail a substantial reduction in irrigation water use for rice cultivation, which might affect the profitability and economic viability of small rice-growing farms located upstream in the river. The new GRBMP could contribute to balance competing water demands in the basin and to increase economic water productivity, but might not be sufficient to ensure the provisión of environmental ñows as required by the WFD. A thoroughly revisión of the basin's water use concession system for irrigation seems to be needed in order to bring the GRBMP in Une with the WFD objectives. Furthermore, the study illustrates that social, economic, institutional, and technological factors, in addition to bio-physical conditions, are important issues to be considered for designing and developing water management strategies. The research initiative presented in this paper demonstrates that hydro-economic models can explicitly intégrate all these issues, constituting a valuable tool that could assist policy makers for implementing sustainable irrigation policies.

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Section: The Hydrologic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated assessment of policy interventions for promoting sustainable irrigation in semi-arid environments: A hydro-economic modeling approach

Ferrer

Varela‐Ortega

Purkey

2013

Journal of Environmental Management

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“…Water allocation is solved by maximizing the water demand satisfaction, while accounting for pre-defined operational rules and restrictions on water supply. A detailed description of the theory behind the WEAP model is found in Yates et al (2005aYates et al ( , 2009). This approach proved useful for assessing the different drivers and their impacts by explicitly weighing the advantages and disadvantages of various responses based on a set of inputs such as water supply defined using population estimates and crop patterns, reused wastewater, conjunctively managed surface and groundwater supplies, and water use efficiency.…”

Section: Model Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach proved useful for assessing the different drivers and their impacts by explicitly weighing the advantages and disadvantages of various responses based on a set of inputs such as water supply defined using population estimates and crop patterns, reused wastewater, conjunctively managed surface and groundwater supplies, and water use efficiency. The WEAP model has been used in many research areas (e.g., Yates et al 2009;Ruth et al 2007;Droubi et al 2008). The model was then calibrated using existing information related to surface flow over the time period between 2000 and 2010.…”

Section: Model Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Environment in the Coastal Basins of Syria - Assessing the Impacts of the War

Faour

Fayad

2014

Environ. Process.

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The water environment in the Syrian coastal basins was already under pressure over the past decade (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010) due to recurring drought and increased water demand. The armedconflict, which started in 2011, had resulted in the displacement of more than 1.45 million people from the inland regions towards the coastal area. This study investigates the impact of war and conflict on the water environment in the coastal river basins of Syria. An evaluation of existing water sources, water uses, and pollution sources is made to highlight the major driving forces and stresses using a pre-war, during the war, and a post-war scenario. A reference time frame between 2000 and 2010 is used as a reference for these scenarios. The impact of war on the water environment is discussed next. Different actions and adaptation measures in a post-conflict scenario are presented and discussed. At present 4.45 million persons are living in the coastal area (compared to 3 million before 2011). The governmental management capacity had reduced to 30 % compared to that before war. An evaluation of major water scarcity indicators revealed a decline in renewable water resources (including groundwater reserves). It is estimated that the water scarcity index reduced from~760 m 3 /capita/year during pre-war dry years to less than 500 m 3 /capita/year during the war. The impact of war also revealed an increase in pollution risks due to the uncontrolled water abstraction, lack of management and decreased water accessibility. Proposed measures in a post conflict scenario suggest that water demand and water quality can be restored to the status quo using suitable economic development options.

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“…These factors vary over time, for example due to increased gross domestic product, changes in consumptive attitudes, or climate change, and therefore make it difficult to forecast future demand requirements. With its focus on scenario analysis, WEAP supports the planner in forecasting demand and supply structures under various assumptions and management practices and helps in developing resources management policies to meet future demands and solve allocation problems [24,25]. WEAP also compares future development with a snapshot of actual water demand, resources and supplies for the system which is called current accounts year.…”

Section: Hydrologic Model Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change Impacts on Water Supply and Demand in Rheraya Watershed (Morocco), with Potential Adaptation Strategies

Rochdane

Reichert

Messouli

et al. 2012

Water

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Rheraya watershed already suffers from the impacts of climate variability and will be further affected by climate change. Severe water shortages and extremely fragile ecological conditions necessitate careful attention to water resources management. The aim of this study is to analyze Rheraya's future water situation under different scenarios of socio-economic development and climate change until 2100. The Water Evaluation and Planning System model (WEAP) has been applied to estimate the current water demands and the increased water demands resulting from climate change. WEAP was calibrated using meteorological and demand observations, then, updated with present-day and future climatic conditions using the Statistical Down-scaling Model with two projections (A2, B2) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Those projections show an increase in temperature of about 2-3 °C and a reduction in precipitation of 40-60% with respect to baseline. The results show that the pressure on Rheraya's water resources will increase, leading to greater competition for surface water, and that domestic, tourist, OPEN ACCESSWater 2012, 4 29 livestock and agricultural demands will not be met by the year 2100. The Results also demonstrate that the assessments of adaptation strategies proposed by decision makers are effective but not sustainable for the watershed.

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Climate Driven Water Resources Model of the Sacramento Basin, California

Cited by 66 publications

References 15 publications

Integrated assessment of policy interventions for promoting sustainable irrigation in semi-arid environments: A hydro-economic modeling approach

Integrated assessment of policy interventions for promoting sustainable irrigation in semi-arid environments: A hydro-economic modeling approach

Water Environment in the Coastal Basins of Syria - Assessing the Impacts of the War

Climate Change Impacts on Water Supply and Demand in Rheraya Watershed (Morocco), with Potential Adaptation Strategies

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