Climate under impermeable protective clothing

Bishop, Phillip A.; Gu, Dingliang; Clapp, Anthony J.

doi:10.1016/s0169-8141(99)00013-x

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…4). Bishop et al (2000) observed a similar plateau at 20 min for impermeable protective clothing during continuous work exposure for 60 min in the heat. The relevance of an increased micro-environment of 1.5°C WBGT for IC appears minimal considering no difference was shown between core temperature and HR between IC and SC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Fluid balance, thermal stress, and post exercise response in women’s Islamic athletic clothing

et al. 2011

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This study examined heat stress, heart rate (HR), fluid balance, micro-environment temperature and humidity with Islamic athletic clothing (IC) compared to traditional soccer uniform (SC). Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), session RPE (S-RPE), comfort, and cooling response were also examined. Female volunteers (N = 8) completed a treadmill [Formula: see text] test and then, in a randomized, counter-balanced order, two intermittent running bouts (45 min total) in a hot environment (30.0°C WBGT) in IC and SC. Thereafter, participants sat for 40 min in the hot ambient environment. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed significantly greater micro-environment temperature (p = 0.02) (IC 33.3 ± 3.2°C, SC 32.0 ± 2.8°C) and humidity (p = 0.04) (IC 48.4 ± 8.1%, SC 42.9 ± 7.9%) in IC during the exercise trial but no difference in the 40-min recovery period for micro-environment temperature (p = 0.25) or humidity (p = 0.18). No significant difference (p > 0.05) was shown for core temperature (T (rec)) (IC 38.3 ± 0.4°C, SC 38.2 ± 0.4°C), HR (IC l54 ± 28 beats min(-1), SC 151 ± 26 beats min(-1)) or RPE (IC 4.7 ± 2.1, SC 3.8 ± 1.7) during the exercise trial or recovery period. Results from a paired t test revealed a significantly greater (p < 0.05) S-RPE (IC 5.8 ± 1.2, SC 4.3 ± 1.9), sweat loss (IC 1.4 ± 0.4 L h(-1), SC 1.2 ± 0.4 L h(-1)) and greater discomfort during the exercise and recovery period for the IC. IC clothing appears to have no detrimental effects on heat storage or heat strain during exercise or recovery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Fluid balance, thermal stress, and post exercise response in women’s Islamic athletic clothing

et al. 2011

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“…Participants completed a work paradigm that has been used in our laboratory (6)(7)(8)(9)(10) consisting of treadmill walking and arm curls for a total of 60 min. Figure 2 illustrates the work protocol for the 60-min trials.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Work rates were established during the initial 15 min of the first trial, and that work rate was fixed for all successive trials as in previous studies in our laboratory. (6)(7)(8)(9)(10) This work rate is classified as moderate work rate by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH R ). (11) All trials were conducted in a heated chamber (WBGT…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Air Cooling for Concealed Soft Body Armor in a Hot Environment

Ryan

Bishop

Herron

et al. 2013

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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Concealed soft body armor inhibits convective and evaporative heat loss and increases heat storage, especially in hot environments. One option to potentially mitigate heat storage is to promote airflow under the soft body armor. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ambient air induction (∼100 liters per minute) on heat strain while wearing concealed soft body armor in a hot environment (wet bulb globe temperature = 30°C). A counter-balanced, repeated measures protocol was performed with nine healthy male volunteers. Participants were fitted with either a traditional or modified Level II concealed soft body armor. Participants performed cycles of 12 min of walking (1.25 liters per minute) and 3 min of arm curls (0.6 liters per minute) for a total of 60 min. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to assess the mean differences in physiological measures (rectal temperature, heart rate, micro-environment [temperature and relative humidity]). Post hoc Bonferroni analysis and paired samples t-tests (alpha = 0.01) were conducted on omnibus significant findings. Perceptual measures (perceived exertion, thermal comfort) were analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Tests. Modification led to an improvement in perceived exertion at 45 min (MOD: 10 ± 1; CON: 11 ± 2; p ≤ 0.001) and 60 min (MOD: 10 ± 2; CON: 12 ± 2; p ≤ 0.001) and a reduction in micro-environment temperature in MOD (1.0 ± 0.2°C, p = 0.03) compared to CON. Modification did not attenuate change in rectal temperature or heart rate (p < 0.01) during 60-min work bout. Change in rectal temperature approached significance between MOD and CON at the end of the work bout (MOD: 0.4 ± 0.2°C; CON: 0.7 ± 0.3°C; p = 0.048). The slope of rectal temperature was significantly greater (p = 0.04) under CON compared to MOD. These data suggest that air induction may provide small benefits while wearing concealed soft body armor, though improvements are needed to lessen physiological strain.

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“…However, glove occlusion is one significant cause of glove irritation and macerated softened skin which results in additional issues due to its' poor protection against microbes and chemical injuries (Wulfhorst, 2004). This glove occlusion effect results in a microclimate or microenvironment that exists between the user's hand and the glove (Bishop, Gu, and Clapp, 2000). This microenvironment usually becomes warmer and more humid than the ambient environment because of the production of metabolic heat and sweat by the worker (Bishop, Gu, and Clapp, 2000).…”

Section: Glove Occlusion Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This glove occlusion effect results in a microclimate or microenvironment that exists between the user's hand and the glove (Bishop, Gu, and Clapp, 2000). This microenvironment usually becomes warmer and more humid than the ambient environment because of the production of metabolic heat and sweat by the worker (Bishop, Gu, and Clapp, 2000). The amount of sweat produced on the skin depends on a number of variables including protective clothing material, activity level, and task performance (Havenith et al, 2002).…”

Section: Glove Occlusion Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of controlled environmental and physical factors on the physiological responses of the handfinger system

Kaiser¹

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The effects of controlled environmental and physical factors on the physiological responses of the hand-finger system John Kaiser Hand injuries account for a leading cause of occupational injuries requiring treatment from United States' hospital emergency departments. These occupational injuries generate a substantial burden on employers in terms of both cost and productivity. Occupational safety gloves are an effective preventive measure of these hand and finger injuries. However, these occupational safety gloves can result in unintended injuries due to factors such as extreme conditions of temperature, relative humidity, and physical demand. The purpose of this study is to collect data on the physiological responses of the hand-finger system and their relationship with these identified factors. The physiological responses measured were skin conductance, blood perfusion, and perceived discomfort. A chamber was used to isolate human subjects' hands and precisely control the conditions of temperature and relative humidity to replicate the internal conditions within occupational safety gloves. Seventeen human subjects each performed three hours of experimental trials that routinely required the physical exertion of lateral pinching. The microclimate condition of temperature was shown to have a significant effect on perceived discomfort and skin conductance. The microclimate condition of relative humidity was shown to have a significant effect on skin conductance. The occupational condition of repetitive physical demand was shown to have a significant effect on perceived discomfort, skin conductance, and blood perfusion. The results of this study may assist ergonomists in selecting or suggesting occupational gloves for workers while minimizing risk of injury. iii Acknowledgements I would like to express my appreciation for my advisor, Dr. Ashish Nimbarte. He has provided great leadership, continuous effort, and support throughout my graduate education. He has been much more than an advisor and with his support I have been able to maximize my graduate education success and achievements. I would like to express my appreciation for my committee member, Dr. Bhaskaran Gopalakrishnan. Dr. Bhaskaran Gopalakrishnan is a great professor, leader, and supporter. He has always shown great concern and consideration for his students and their success. As a committee member, Dr. Bhaskaran Gopalakrishnan has been very supportive and provided helpful feedback. I would like to express my appreciation for my committee member, Dr. Xinjian He. Throughout his time as my committee member, Dr. Xinjian He has always made himself available and has provided insight that has greatly improved the value of my thesis.

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Climate under impermeable protective clothing

Cited by 19 publications

References 3 publications

Fluid balance, thermal stress, and post exercise response in women’s Islamic athletic clothing

Fluid balance, thermal stress, and post exercise response in women’s Islamic athletic clothing

Ambient Air Cooling for Concealed Soft Body Armor in a Hot Environment

The effects of controlled environmental and physical factors on the physiological responses of the handfinger system

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