Climate warming in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Mongolia as indicated by air freezing and thawing indices

Wu, Tonghua; Zhu, Xiaofan; Wang, Pengling; Adiya, Saruulzaya; Dashtseren, Avirmed; Dorjgotov, Battogtokh; Li, Ren; Wu, Xiaodong; Lou, Peiqing

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108836

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Conversely, the increasing trends of the mean annual ATI and GTI are also the same, but the increasing rate of the mean annual GTI is faster than that of the mean annual ATI. For rate of change, the rate of decline in the air/ground FI in Heilongjiang Province is significantly smaller than that in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Mongolia (1961-2011) [73] and in northeastern China as a whole [49]. Additionally, the rising trend in the air/ground TI is smaller than that in the northeast, except for all other regions.…”

Section: Spatial and Temporal Characteristics Of Maat And Magstmentioning

confidence: 83%

Spatial–Temporal Characteristics of Freezing/Thawing Index and Permafrost Distribution in Heilongjiang Province, China

et al. 2022

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Under the trend of climate warming, the high-latitude permafrost in Heilongjiang Province is becoming seriously degraded. The question of how to quantitatively analyze the spatial and temporal trends of multi-year permafrost has become fundamental for current permafrost research. In this study, the temporal and spatial variations of annual mean air temperature (MAAT), annual mean ground temperature (MAGST) and freezing/thawing index based on air and surface temperature data from 34 meteorological stations in Heilongjiang Province from 1971–2019, as well as the variation characteristics of permafrost distribution, were analyzed based on the freezing index model. The results showed that both MAAT and MAGST in Heilongjiang Province tended to decrease with the increase of altitude and latitude. For interannual variation, the MAAT and MAGST warming rates tended to be consistent across Heilongjiang Province, with multi-year variation from −8.64 to 5.60 °C and from −6.52 to 7.58 °C, respectively. From 1971–2019, the mean annual air freezing index (AFI) and ground surface freezing index (GFI) declined at −5.07 °C·d·a−1 and −5.04 °C·d·a−1, respectively, whereas the mean annual air thawing index (ATI) and ground surface thawing index (GTI) were elevated at 7.63 °C·d·a−1 and 11.89 °C·d·a−1, respectively. The spatial distribution of the multiyear mean AFI, ATI, GFI and GTI exhibited a latitudinal trend, whereas the effect of altitude in the northern mountainous areas was greater than that of latitude. Permafrost was primarily discovered in the Daxing’an and Xiaoxing’an Mountains in the north, and sporadically in the central mountainous regions. The southern boundary of permafrost shifted nearly 2° to the north from 1970 to 2010s, while the southern boundary of permafrost in Heilongjiang Province was stable at nearly 51° N. The total area of permafrost narrowed from 1.11 × 105 km2 in the 1970s to 6.53 × 104 km2 in the 2010s. The results of this study take on a critical significance for the analysis of the trend of perennial permafrost degradation at high latitudes in Heilongjiang Province and the whole northeastern China, as well as for mapping the distribution of large areas of permafrost using the freezing index model. This study provides a reference for natural cold resource development, ecological protection, climate change and engineering construction and maintenance in permafrost areas.

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Section: Spatial and Temporal Characteristics Of Maat And Magstmentioning

confidence: 83%

Spatial–Temporal Characteristics of Freezing/Thawing Index and Permafrost Distribution in Heilongjiang Province, China

et al. 2022

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“…Mountain Range, Kent Mountain Range, and Greater Khingan Range are better than that of other permafrost areas in the northern area because the former areas have shallow active layer thickness (Wu et al, 2022). Global warming causes widespread permafrost degradation and fewer frozen days of seasonal frozen ground.…”

Section: The Climate Factors Driving Gpp and Lai Changes Were Dividedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing precipitation promoted vegetation growth in the Mongolian Plateau during 2001–2018

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Taking the Mongolian Plateau as the research area, this paper studied the vegetation growth from 2001 to 2018. We quantified the vegetation growth changes based on changes in gross primary productivity (GPP) and leaf area index (LAI) and their relationships to climate variables using correlation analysis, partial correlation analysis and multiple correlation analysis. The results showed that from 2001 to 2018 both GPP and LAI showed an increasing trend, with great heterogeneities among different areas and land cover types. The largest increase of GPP and LAI occurred in the northeast plateau with the land cover types of forest and cropland. The main driving factor of vegetation growth was precipitation, while temperature was significantly negatively correlated with vegetation growth. The CO2 concentration had a significant impact on the GPP in farmland, and the increase of solar radiation had a significant impact on tundra. Our study highlights the importance of precipitation in regulating vegetation growth in the Mongolian Plateau, challenging the prevailing views that the temperature dominates the vegetation growth in the northern ecosystems.

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“…Changes at stopovers along the flyways may allow migrants to adjust their pace by available resources, however, resources may shift to a time before their arrival [31]. Since a noticeable shift in temperature that the QTP is having warmer winter, and the Mongolia is having warmer autumn and colder winter, it can be expected that Bar-headed Geese may also advance their departure time [33]. A mismatch between high may also exist among high altitudes and lowlands as temperature rise at a different speed.…”

Section: Phenological Mismatchmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Altitude Avian Migration across the Himalayas: Challenges, Fly Strategy and Physiological Adaptation

Qiu

2023

TNS

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Migrants that fly across the Himalayas, one of the highest geographical blocks in the world, must overcome severe challenges of the extreme high-altitude environment. Supported by evolved specifically adapted physiological performance, migrants such as geese, ducks, shorebirds, cranes, raptors, passerines, take diverse strategies, which is a balance of complex factors, as a result of evolution. This review draws an overall picture of high-altitude avian migration specifying findings in: fly strategies including routes, heights, stopovers, wind use patterns; physiological adaptions including special hypoxia tolerance of birds and unique adaptions of high-altitude migrators; evolution explanations; threats including impact caused by climate change on wetland and phenological mismatch; conservation. Enhanced unclarified questions on: avoid-barrier strategies; wind use patterns; predation pressure; phenomenon of lowland species flying at high altitudes; and most importantly, climate change and conservation. This study on avian high-altitude migration provides a relatively comprehensive summary of relevant findings, helps to understand the complex behaviors of migrants, and arranged various prospects for future studies

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Climate warming in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Mongolia as indicated by air freezing and thawing indices

Cited by 13 publications

References 48 publications

Spatial–Temporal Characteristics of Freezing/Thawing Index and Permafrost Distribution in Heilongjiang Province, China

Spatial–Temporal Characteristics of Freezing/Thawing Index and Permafrost Distribution in Heilongjiang Province, China

Increasing precipitation promoted vegetation growth in the Mongolian Plateau during 2001–2018

High-Altitude Avian Migration across the Himalayas: Challenges, Fly Strategy and Physiological Adaptation

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