Climatic Adaptation of Boreal and Temperate Tree Species

Hänninen, Heikki

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-7549-6_1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…We explicitly aimed to test for the impact of warming during the growing season, ranging from the weeks before bud burst in spring till the end of bud formation in autumn. As such, our experiment does not shed light on the potential impact of warming during the preceding autumn and winter on spring phenology (Fu et al 2012, Hänninen 2016.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Climate and host genotype jointly shape tree phenology, disease levels and insect attacks

Faticov

Ekholm

Roslin

et al. 2019

Oikos

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One of the best known ecological consequences of climate change is the advancement of spring phenology. Yet, we lack insights into how changes in climate interact with intraspecific genetic variation in shaping spring and autumn phenology, and how such changes in phenology will translate into seasonal dynamics of tree‐associated organisms. To elucidate the impact of warming and tree genotype on spring and autumn phenology, as well as the consequences for the population dynamics of a fungal pathogen Erysiphe alphitoides and plant‐feeding insect Tuberculatus annulatus, we conducted an active field heating experiment using grafts of five oak genotypes Quercus robur. We found that experimental warming generally advanced oak bud burst in spring and delayed leaf senescence in autumn, while additional variation was explained by tree genotype and warming‐by‐genotype interactions. Warming or tree genotype did not affect disease levels at the beginning of the season, but shaped both disease levels and aphid density during the latter part of the season. Overall, our findings demonstrate that elevated temperature and genetic variation affect spring and autumn phenology, as well as the seasonal dynamics of higher trophic levels. Such effects may be either direct (i.e. temperature affecting tree phenology and attack independently) or indirect (as due to climate‐induced changes in plant traits or the synchrony between trees and their attackers). To achieve a predictive understanding of the ecological responses and potential evolutionary changes of natural food webs in response to climate warming, we should merge the frameworks of global warming and community genetics.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Climate and host genotype jointly shape tree phenology, disease levels and insect attacks

Faticov

Ekholm

Roslin

et al. 2019

Oikos

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“…A boreal forest is particularly suited for such a method comparison because of its simple species composition (Hänninen, 2016;Högberg, 2007). Moreover, because this biome is strongly nitrogen (N)-limited (Du et al, 2020), N additions induce a strong response in terms of growth and C fluxes [see reviews and references therein in Högberg, 2007 andTamm (1991)].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating canopy gross primary production by combining phloem stable isotopes with canopy and mesophyll conductances

Vernay

Tian

Chi

et al. 2020

Plant Cell & Environment

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Gross primary production (GPP) is a key component of the forest carbon cycle. However, our knowledge of GPP at the stand scale remains uncertain, because estimates derived from eddy covariance (EC) rely on semi-empirical modelling and the assumptions of the EC technique are sometimes not fully met. We propose using the sap flux/isotope method as an alternative way to estimate canopy GPP, termed GPP iso/SF , at the stand scale and at daily resolution. It is based on canopy conductance inferred from sap flux and intrinsic water-use efficiency estimated from the stable carbon isotope composition of phloem contents. The GPP iso/SF estimate was further corrected for seasonal variations in photosynthetic capacity and mesophyll conductance. We compared our estimate of GPP iso/SF to the GPP derived from PRELES, a model parameterized with EC data. The comparisons were performed in a highly instrumented, boreal Scots pine forest in northern Sweden, including a nitrogen fertilized and a reference plot. The resulting annual and daily GPP iso/SF estimates agreed well with PRELES, in the fertilized plot and the reference plot. We discuss the GPP iso/ SF method as an alternative which can be widely applied without terrain restrictions, where the assumptions of EC are not met. K E Y W O R D S boreal forest, intrinsic water-use efficiency, mesophyll conductance, nitrogen fertilization, phloem δ 13 C, PRELES, sap flux, stand transpiration 1 | INTRODUCTION Gross primary production (GPP) represents a key flux in the carbon (C) budget of a forest ecosystem. GPP has been commonly estimated using many approaches, such as eddy covariance (EC), empirical models and upscaling ecophysiological measurements at stand scale

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Evaluation of Dormancy Characteristics and Chill Requirements of Five Apple Varieties

et al. 2021

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In this study, to obtain basic information for developing new cultivation systems and shortening the term of breeding in apple, we investigated the dormancy process and chill units (CU) required to break endodormancy of 'Fuji', 'Orin', 'Jonathan', 'Ralls Janet', and 'Rome Beauty', which is used in a cultivation system to produce two crops per year by defoliation in Indonesia, during two or three years. As a result, the CU required to break endodormancy of 'Rome Beauty', 'Ralls Janet', and 'Jonathan' were higher than that of other varieties. In contrast, 'Orin', which tends to flower unseasonably in Japan, required low CU. The deepest period of endodormancy was longer in 'Fuji', 'Jonathan', and 'Ralls Janet' than in the other cultivars. The time to enter the deepest period of endodormancy and duration of the break period of endodormancy in 'Fuji' were the same as in 'Ralls Janet'. The time to enter the deepest period of endodormancy was earlier and the duration of the break period of endodormancy was longer in 'Jonathan' than in 'Fuji' and 'Ralls Janet'. The time to enter of the deepest period of endodormancy was the latest in 'Rome Beauty'. The time to enter the deepest period of endodormancy in 'Orin' was comparable to that in 'Rome Beauty', while 'Rome Beauty' had more than twice the duration of the deepest period of endodormancy than 'Orin'. These results suggest that cultivars with a low CU required to break endodormancy and short duration of the deepest period of endodormancy, such as 'Orin', and those which entered the deepest period of endodormancy late, such as 'Orin' and 'Rome Beauty', may be suitable for a cultivation system that produces two crops per year by defoliation.

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Climatic Adaptation of Boreal and Temperate Tree Species

Cited by 3 publications

References 35 publications

Climate and host genotype jointly shape tree phenology, disease levels and insect attacks

Climate and host genotype jointly shape tree phenology, disease levels and insect attacks

Estimating canopy gross primary production by combining phloem stable isotopes with canopy and mesophyll conductances

Evaluation of Dormancy Characteristics and Chill Requirements of Five Apple Varieties

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