Climatic and Environmental Trends Observed During Epidemic and Non-epidemic Years of Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome in Iowa

Leandro, Leonor F.S.; Robertson, Alison E.; Mueller, Daren S.; Yang, X. B.

doi:10.1094/php-2013-0529-01-rs

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Given that soybean sudden death syndrome prospers in cool, wet conditions (Leandro et al, 2013), soybean cyst nematode prospers in conditions that would otherwise promote high soybean yields (Niblack, 2005), and the two interact strongly (Westphal, 2008), this result is consistent with evidence that pest pressure is the major cause of the CSYP. The finding that VPD is the most important weather covariate with the CSYP is also consistent with effects related to pest pressure, given the finding that warmer, drier soils at planting are critical in reducing soybean sudden death syndrome's development (Scherm, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Continuous Corn and Soybean Yield Penalties across Hundreds of Thousands of Fields

2017

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Core Ideas Analysis of 748,374 yield records showed a 4.3% yield penalty for continuous corn. Corn yield penalties were more severe in areas with low moisture and low yields. Continuous soybean showed a 10.3% yield penalty, worse in low‐yielding years. Corn yield penalties grew with up to 3 yr of continuous cropping, but not more. Soybean penalties increased monotonically with number of years continuously cropped. The effects of crop rotations on yields have historically been assessed with field trials, but new datasets offer an opportunity to evaluate these effects using data from commercial farmers’ fields. Here we develop a unique dataset of 748,374 joint observations of field‐level yields, crop histories, and soil and weather conditions across the U.S. Midwest to empirically evaluate crop rotations. For rainfed fields, we found an average continuous corn (Zea mays L.) yield penalty (CCYP) of 4.3% and continuous soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield penalty (CSYP) of 10.3% during the 2007 to 2012 growing seasons. The CCYP is greater in locations with low moisture, while the CSYP shows the opposite pattern. Relatedly, irrigation decreases the CCYP but not the CSYP. Both penalties increased with the number of years a field had been continuously cropped, and while the CCYP leveled off after 3 yr in corn, the CSYP showed significant increases out to the (very rare) 5‐yr continuous soybean sequence. An analysis of weather, soil, and planting date interactions with the CCYP and CSYP suggests that timely planting, favorable soil‐climate, and warm early and late‐season minimum temperatures correlate with reductions in the CCYP, while dry conditions and less favorable soil‐climate correlate with reductions in the CSYP. The results of this study not only help refine estimates of rotation effects in commercial fields, but also shed light on the relationships between rotation effects and other factors, thereby offering insight into potential causal mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Continuous Corn and Soybean Yield Penalties across Hundreds of Thousands of Fields

2017

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“…Though the estimated yield loss of 2. and corresponding average economic loss was $133.3 million (range $8.1-669.2 million) at an average soybean price at $233.24/metric ton (range $152.5-385.1/metric ton). Yield losses due to SDS vary widely depending on planting dates [39,123,135], maturity groups, cultivar selection [123], climatic and environmental trends during the growing season [57], glyphosate spray and many more dynamics as outlined in factors affecting SDS. Also, economic losses vary depending on the market price of soybean in a given year and primary factors affecting the market price according to USDA Economic Research Service include, population and income growth, demand for livestock products, as well as export import policies.…”

Section: Economic Significance Of Sdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sudden death syndrome - a growing threat of losses in soybeans.

Navi¹,

Yang²

2016

CABI Reviews

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Sudden death syndrome (SDS) caused by Fusarium virguliforme is one of the major yield-limiting soil borne diseases of soybean (Glycine max). The SDS has been reported from 21 U.S. states and is known to occur in Africa, North America, and South America. In the U.S. the losses due to SDS was estimated at $3.06 billion for a period from 1988 to 2010. Since 1983, several management approaches have been investigated to reduce SDS and yet, continued efforts are necessary to develop long term disease management programs and to sustain disease below economic threshold levels. Integrating available control measures is an option, but adaptability and real-world assessments are equally important. Support of several funding agencies to better understand the disease in identifying suitable control measures to reduce yield losses in commercial cultivations has been indispensable in accomplishing these goals. In spite of sustained efforts, SDS continued to spread within the U.S. and reported in seven other countries since its first report in 1971.Comprehensive reviews have previously been published on this disease by Roy et al. [98], Leandro et al. [58], and Hartman et al. [32]. In this review, updated information on geographic distribution and economic significance of SDS, epidemiology, factors affecting SDS, and management options for SDS including screening techniques have been compiled. Also, discussed significant gaps in use of plant, fungi and bacteria based biocontrol agents in addressing management of SDS.Keywords: Soybean sudden death syndrome, SDS, Fusarium virguliforme, biocontrol, global reports, yield losses due to SDS, epidemiological factors, greenhouse and field screening. ______________________________________________________________________________This is a manuscript of an article from CAB Reviews 11 (2016): 039, doi: 10.1079/PAVSNNR201611039. Navi, S. S.; Yang, X. B. 2016. Sudden death syndrome -a growing threat of losses in soybeans. CAB International, Wallingford, UK. Aoki et al., and F. virguliforme,90] is an economically significant soil-borne disease, and a risk to many soybean production areas worldwide. The disease was first observed by H.J. Walters in Arkansas, United States in 1971[100], but it was only in 1983 that the disease was named as sudden death syndrome (SDS) of unknown etiology [40]. As of this review, the disease has been reported in three continents, North America (Canada and United States), South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay), and Africa (South Africa), and within the United States 21 states (Fig. 1) Whether the pathogens causing SDS have been introduced in to new regions or if they have been present in the soil in production fields of these countries for some time without being detected is unknown. After the SDS was detected in Iowa [150], Scherm and Yang [114] developed a risk assessment model to determine potential geographic range of development of this disease, which was considered a southern disease by then, in North America. They predi...

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“…It is caused by Fusarium virguliforme , which prefers cold and wet climates for developing the disease [1]. In the United States, the disease was first reported in Arkansas in 1971 [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Fusarium virguliforme Transcriptomes Induced during Infection of Soybean Roots Suggests that Enzymes with Hydrolytic Activities Could Play a Major Role in Root Necrosis

et al. 2017

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Sudden death syndrome (SDS) is caused by the fungal pathogen, Fusarium virguliforme, and is a major threat to soybean production in North America. There are two major components of this disease: (i) root necrosis and (ii) foliar SDS. Root symptoms consist of root necrosis with vascular discoloration. Foliar SDS is characterized by interveinal chlorosis and leaf necrosis, and in severe cases by flower and pod abscission. A major toxin involved in initiating foliar SDS has been identified. Nothing is known about how root necrosis develops. In order to unravel the mechanisms used by the pathogen to cause root necrosis, the transcriptome of the pathogen in infected soybean root tissues of a susceptible cultivar, ‘Essex’, was investigated. The transcriptomes of the germinating conidia and mycelia were also examined. Of the 14,845 predicted F. virguliforme genes, we observed that 12,017 (81%) were expressed in germinating conidia and 12,208 (82%) in mycelia and 10,626 (72%) in infected soybean roots. Of the 10,626 genes induced in infected roots, 224 were transcribed only following infection. Expression of several infection-induced genes encoding enzymes with oxidation-reduction properties suggests that degradation of antimicrobial compounds such as the phytoalexin, glyceollin, could be important in early stages of the root tissue infection. Enzymes with hydrolytic and catalytic activities could play an important role in establishing the necrotrophic phase. The expression of a large number of genes encoding enzymes with catalytic and hydrolytic activities during the late infection stages suggests that cell wall degradation could be involved in root necrosis and the establishment of the necrotrophic phase in this pathogen.

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Climatic and Environmental Trends Observed During Epidemic and Non-epidemic Years of Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome in Iowa

Cited by 36 publications

References 27 publications

Continuous Corn and Soybean Yield Penalties across Hundreds of Thousands of Fields

Continuous Corn and Soybean Yield Penalties across Hundreds of Thousands of Fields

Sudden death syndrome - a growing threat of losses in soybeans.

Investigation of the Fusarium virguliforme Transcriptomes Induced during Infection of Soybean Roots Suggests that Enzymes with Hydrolytic Activities Could Play a Major Role in Root Necrosis

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