Clinical analysis of risk factors for severe COVID-19 patients with type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Aims: To describe characteristics of COVID-19 patients with type 2 diabetes and to analyze risk factors for severity. Methods: Demographics, comorbidities, symptoms, laboratory findings, treatments and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with diabetes were collected and analyzed. Results: Seventy-four COVID-19 patients with diabetes were included. Twenty-seven patients (36.5%) were severe and 10 patients (13.5%) died. Higher levels of blood glucose, serum amyloid A (SAA), C reactive protein and interleukin 6 were associated with severe patients compared to non-severe ones (P b 0.05). Levels of albumin, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, small and dense low density lipoprotein and CD4 + T lymphocyte counts in severe patients were lower than those in non-severe patients (P b 0.05). Logistic regression analysis identified decreased CD4 + T lymphocyte counts (odds ratio [OR] = 0.988, 95%Confidence interval [95%CI] 0.979-0.997) and increased SAA levels (OR = 1.029, 95%CI 1.002-1.058) as risk factors for severity of COVID-19 with diabetes (P b 0.05). Conclusions: Type 2 diabetic patients were more susceptible to COVID-19 than overall population, which might be associated with hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. Aggressive treatment should be suggested, especially when these patients had low CD4 + T lymphocyte counts and high SAA levels.

Clinical characteristics and short-term prognosis of in-patients with diabetes and COVID-19: A retrospective study from an academic center in Belgium

“…Overall, these characteristics are rather similar to those reported in the multicenter French CORONADO study, which like ours analyzed a mostly Caucasian population [ 15 ]. The overrepresentation of patients with T2DM among in-patients with COVID-19 is consistent with other studies [ 15 , 32 , 26 , 27 ]. A retrospective study from Belgium showed no evidence of increased hospitalization rate for COVID-19 in community-dwelling people with T1DM, at least in the first 3 months of the pandemic [ 14 ].…”

Serum Activity of Liver Enzymes Is Associated With Higher Mortality in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Twenty four studies were deemed eligible initially, but two were further excluded due to incomplete data (12,17). Finally, 22 studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in the meta-analysis (13,14,(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37). A flow diagram for the process of literature search and study selection is shown in Figure 1.…”

Risk indicators associated with in-hospital mortality and severity in patients with diabetes mellitus and confirmed or clinically suspected COVID-19

“…Moreover, the ACE-2- SARS-CoV-2 binding leads to an increase in the ACE/ACE2 ratio, which is accompanied by oxidative stress and renal dysfunction [ 36 ]. According to a study conducted by Cheng Y, et al, indicators of kidney injury, including serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), were associated with a higher risk of mortality in patients with COVID-19 [ 37 ]. Recently, there has been evidence of an increase in mortality rate in COVID-19 patients with increased serum BUN levels [ 38 , 39 ].…”