Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients dying from COVID‐19 in Italy vs China

Lippi, Giuseppe; Mattiuzzi, Camilla; Sanchís-Gomar, Fabián; Henry, Brandon Michael

doi:10.1002/jmv.25860

Cited by 113 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Regarding age, in Europe, a higher mortality rate had been reported in older age groups (19). A similar pattern has been reported for China (20).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Early estimation of the risk factors for hospitalisation and mortality by COVID-19 in Mexico

Carrillo-Vega¹,

Salinas-Escudero

García-Peña³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background. With its high prevalence of chronic non-degenerative diseases, it is suspected that in Mexico there is a high risk of fatal complications from COVID-19. The present study aims to estimate the risk factors for hospitalisation and death in the Mexican population infected by SARS-CoV-2.Methods and Findings. We used the publicly available data released by the Epidemiological Surveillance System for Viral Respiratory Diseases of the Mexican Ministry of Health (Secretaría de Salud, SS). All records of positive SARS-CoV-2 cases were included. Two multiple logistic regression models were fitted to estimate the association between the hospitalisation and mortality, with other covariables. Data on 10,544 individuals (57.68% men), with mean age 46.47±15.62, were analysed.Men were about 1.54 times as likely to be hospitalized than women (p<0.001, 95% C.I. 1.37-1.74); individuals aged 50-74 and ≥74 years were more likely to be hospitalized than people from 25-49 years (OR 2.05, p<0.001, 95% C.I. 1.81-2.32, and OR 23.84, p<0.001, 95% C.I. 2.90-5.15, respectively).People with hypertension, obesity, and diabetes were more likely to be hospitalised than people without these morbidities (p<0.01). Men had more risk of death in comparison to women (OR=1.53, p<0.001, 95% C.I. 1.30-1.81) and individuals aged 50-74 and ≥75 years were more likely to die than people from 25-49 years (OR 1.96, p<0.001, 95% C.I. 1. and OR 3.74, p<0.001, respectively). Hypertension, obesity, and diabetes presented in combination, provided a higher risk of dying in comparison to not having these diseases (OR=2.10; p<0.001, 95% C.I. 1.50-2.93).Hospitalisation, intubation and pneumonia conferred a higher risk of dying (OR 5.02, p<0.001, OR 4.27, p<0.001, and OR=2.57; p<0.001, respectively). The main limitation of our study is the lack of information on mild (asymptomatic) or moderate cases of COVID-19. Conclusions.The present study points out that in Mexico, where an important proportion of the population develops two or more chronic conditions simultaneously, high mortality is a sever outcome for those infected by SARS-CoV-2.

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“…Regarding age, in Europe, a higher mortality rate had been reported in older age groups (19). A similar pattern has been reported for China (20).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Early estimation of the risk factors for hospitalisation and mortality by COVID-19 in Mexico

Carrillo-Vega¹,

Salinas-Escudero

García-Peña³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Comparison of the characteristics of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 across the US is urgently needed. As differences in factors influencing outcomes have been observed between global populations [3], we hypothesize that factors such as pollution, social economic variables, genetics, ultraviolet (UV) exposure, population co-morbidities, and health status and infrastructure availability may all impact observed COVID-19 morbidity and mortality across different regions [3,7]. To enable better clinical awareness and allocation of medical resources, understanding differences between patient characteristics across different regions is required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the research on COVID-19 has been published on patients in China, while a few describe populations in Europe [2]. Importantly, significant differences have been noted in the clinical and demographic features of COVID-19 patients in different regions of the world [3]. To date, there have been only three reports on COVID-19 patients in the US, two describing nursing home and senior facilities, and a third describing critically ill patients, all from Seattle, Washington [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features, laboratory characteristics, and outcomes of patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Early report from the United States

et al. 2020

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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 , caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2), is an ongoing pandemic that has already affected millions of patients worldwide, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality burden. Although the clinical and laboratory characteristics of this illness have been reported in patients from China and Europe, data are scant in the United States. Methods: We extracted data regarding all patients hospitalized at our hospital with COVID-19 infection between March 1 and April 4, 2020. Presenting signs and symptoms, laboratory and imaging findings, treatment, and complications were recorded from electronic medical records (EMRs). The primary composite endpoint was admission to intensive care unit (ICU), shock, or death. Results: We had a total of 43 patients tested for COVID-19 at the emergency room (ER) or during hospitalization, 16 (37%) of whom were admitted with COVID-19 infection. The mean age was 65.5 years and 75% were males. The most common presenting symptoms were fever (94%), cough (88%), and dyspnea (81%). A loss of smell and taste sensations were reported by three (19%) patients. Low oxygen saturation was present in 38% of patients, whilst 31% were hypotensive on admission. Hyponatremia (50%), elevated C-reactive protein (CRP; 100%), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; 80%) were common. Acute renal failure, myocardial injury, and elevation in aminotransferases occurred in 69%, 19%, and 38% patients, respectively. The primary composite endpoint occurred in 50% of patients. A total of three patients died; all were aged 70 years or older. Conclusions: Laboratory abnormalities and acute renal failure were common in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV2 infection in our center. Admission to ICU and mechanical ventilation were common.

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“…The immune system of younger subjects affected by the burden of chronic diseases undergoes similar changes very often. The theory presented above can serve as one of the possible explanations of the fact that young patients can also suffer fatality from COVID-19 [38].…”

Section: Why Are Elderly Patients Getting So Sick?mentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 — Toward a comprehensive understanding of the disease

et al. 2020

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The evidence on the pathophysiology of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection is rapidly growing. Elucidating why some patients suffering from COVID-19 are getting so sick, while others are not, has become an informal imperative for researchers and clinicians around the globe. The answer to this question would allow rationalizing the fear surrounding this pandemic. Understanding of the pathophysiology of COVID-19 relies on unraveling of interplaying mechanisms, including SARS-CoV-2 virulence, human immune response, and complex inflammatory reactions with coagulation playing a major role. An interplay with bacterial co-infections, as well as the vascular system and microcirculation affected throughout the body should also be examined. More importantly, a comprehensive understanding of pathological mechanisms of COVID-19 will increase the efficacy of therapy and decrease mortality. Herewith, the authors present a combined viewpoint based on the current state of knowledge on COVID-19: beginning from the virus, its transmission, and mechanisms of entry into the human body, through the pathological effects on the cellular level, up to immunological reaction, systemic and organ presentation. Last but not least, currently available and possible future therapeutic and diagnostic options are briefly commented on. (Cardiol J 2020; 27, 2: 99-114)

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Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients dying from COVID‐19 in Italy vs China

Cited by 113 publications

References 11 publications

Early estimation of the risk factors for hospitalisation and mortality by COVID-19 in Mexico

Early estimation of the risk factors for hospitalisation and mortality by COVID-19 in Mexico

Clinical features, laboratory characteristics, and outcomes of patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Early report from the United States

COVID-19 — Toward a comprehensive understanding of the disease

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