Clinical and diagnostic study of sheep Pneumonic pasteurellosis in Basrah, Iraq

Abstract

The study included clinical investigation on pneumonia that caused by Mannheimia haemolytica (M. haemolytica) in sheep of Basrah Province, also isolation and identification were done and confirmed the diagnosis by PCR technology. The blood samples and nasal swabs were collected from 410 local sheep breeds of both sexes, and different ages. The results showed that from 410 sheep there were 25 healthy against clinical and cultural tests, which concerned as control group. The rest 385 sheep were revealed clinical pneumonia. The most important pneumonic signs included coughing, fever, abnormal lung sounds, dyspnoea, depression, mucopurulent nasal discharge as well as loss of appetite and separated from the herd. The laboratory bacterial culture and biochemical tests for samples from 385 pneumonic sheep appeared M. haemolytica in 81 (21 %) cases, which characterised by moist, round, white or grey colony with β-type haemolysis on blood agar. On MacConkey agar showed pink-red pinpoint colonies. While when stained by gram stain appeared as pink, short rods or coccobacilli and bipolar in methylene blue stain. The biochemical reactions included negative indole, urease and citrate whereas positive for oxidase and catalase tests. The PCR technique indicated that from 81 isolates there were 48 59, 2% cases had evidence by Rpt2 gen as M. haemolytica in local sheep of Basrah Province.

Biological and molecular characterization of a sheep pathogen isolate of Mannheimia haemolytica and leukotoxin production kinetics

“…However, all infected animals showed hyperthermia, and at necropsy, they presented various degrees of lung lesions, partially consolidated, with an irregular color. The same histopathological changes were observed in the lung tissues of infected goats, sheep, and mice by Nejiban et al [31]. Therefore, the injected dose (10 9 CFU) seems to be appropriate to reproduce lesions in animals.…”

“…Biochemical and molecular analyses by PCR identified this isolate as Mha, serotype A1, the most frequently reported type of pneumonia due to Mha [29]. Detection of the Mha gene Rpt2 is used commonly for identification, as reported by several authors, resulting in an amplified product of 1022 bp [30,31]. Phylogenetic analyses comparing partial Rpt2 gene sequences of the Moroccan field isolate with reference and variant strain sequences revealed that the Moroccan isolate was homologous with the American genotype, especially Mha (USDA/ ARS/USMARC/184) isolated in the USA in 2013.…”

Pasteurellosis in small ruminants and its epidemiology, prevention and control: A brief review

“…Respiratory diseases in small ruminants can be caused by bacterial, viral, or parasitic agents in addition to other stressors (Chakraborty et al, 2014). Because of their diverse clinical presentations, the severity of the illnesses, and the resurgence of strains resistant to chemotherapeutic agents, bacterial agents have garnered significant attention (Nejiban and Al-Amery, 2018). The Pasteurellaceae contain the majority of respiratory pathogens in sheep and goats.…”

A bacteriological and histopathological study of sheep pneumonia in Salah Aldeen Governorate

“…[6]. When the disease outbreaks into sheep flocks, the selection of effective antibiotic therapy is necessary, treatment shall be done at the beginning of the disease because of the rapid progression of lung damage and endotoxin release [7]. The present investigation aimed to isolate and diagnose the bacterial pathogens that cause pneumonia in sheep , study the biochemical and histopathological changes in lung tissue of infected animals and determining the most effective types of antibiotics for treating sheep with pneumonia.…”