Clinical and molecular characterization of COVID-19 hospitalized patients

Benetti, Elisa; Giliberti, Annarita; Emiliozzi, Arianna; Valentino, Floriana; Bergantini, Laura; Fallerini, Chiara; Anedda, Federico; Amitrano, Sara; Conticini, Edoardo; Tita, Rossella; d’Alessandro, Miriana; Fava, Francesca; Marcantonio, Simona; Baldassarri, Margherita; Bruttini, Mirella; Mazzei, Maria Antonietta; Montagnani, Francesca; Mandalà, Marco; Bargagli, Elena; Furini, Simone; Study, Covid Multicenter; Renieri, Alessandra; Mari, Francesca

doi:10.1101/2020.05.22.20108845

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…A twins study estimated that total heritability of Covid-19 risk was 50% (95% CI 29-70%) [13]. Analyses of host genomes indicate that ACE2 and OR4C5 gene variants may impact severity of Covid-19 [14,15]. OR4C5 is a pseudogene in the olfactory receptor loci region that codes for a G-protein-coupled receptor arising from a single-coding exon gene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, regional, and genetic characteristics of Covid-19 patients from UK Biobank

et al. 2020

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Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) has rapidly infected millions of people worldwide. Recent studies suggest that racial minorities and patients with comorbidities are at higher risk of Covid-19. In this study, we analyzed the effects of clinical, regional, and genetic factors on Covid-19 positive status. Methods The UK Biobank is a longitudinal cohort study that recruited participants from 2006 to 2010 from throughout the United Kingdom. Covid-19 test results were provided to UK Biobank starting on March 16, 2020. The main outcome measure in this study was Covid-19 positive status, determined by the presence of any positive test for a single individual. Clinical risk factors were derived from UK Biobank at baseline, and regional risk factors were imputed using census features local to each participant’s home zone. We used robust adjusted Poisson regression with clustering by testing laboratory to estimate relative risk. Blood types were derived using genetic variants rs8176719 and rs8176746, and genomewide tests of association were conducted using logistic-Firth hybrid regression. Results This prospective cohort study included 397,064 UK Biobank participants, of whom 968 tested positive for Covid-19. The unadjusted relative risk of Covid-19 for Black participants was 3.66 (95% CI 2.83–4.74), compared to White participants. Adjusting for Townsend deprivation index alone reduced the relative risk to 2.44 (95% CI 1.86–3.20). Comorbidities that significantly increased Covid-19 risk included chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (adjusted relative risk [ARR] 1.64, 95% CI 1.18–2.27), ischemic heart disease (ARR 1.48, 95% CI 1.16–1.89), and depression (ARR 1.32, 95% CI 1.03–1.70). There was some evidence that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ARR 1.48, 95% CI 1.13–1.93) were associated with increased risk of Covid-19. Each standard deviation increase in the number of total individuals living in a participant’s locality was associated with increased risk of Covid-19 (ARR 1.14, 95% CI 1.08–1.20). Analyses of genetically inferred blood types confirmed that participants with type A blood had increased odds of Covid-19 compared to participants with type O blood (odds ratio [OR] 1.16, 95% CI 1.01–1.33). A meta-analysis of genomewide association studies across ancestry groups did not reveal any significant loci. Study limitations include confounding by indication, bias due to limited information on early Covid-19 test results, and inability to accurately gauge disease severity. Conclusions When assessing the association of Black race with Covid-19, adjusting for deprivation reduced the relative risk of Covid-19 by 33%. In the context of sociological research, these findings suggest that discrimination in the labor market may play a role in the high relative risk of Covid-19 for Black individuals. In this study, we also confirmed the association of blood type A with Covid-19, among other clinical and regional factors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, regional, and genetic characteristics of Covid-19 patients from UK Biobank

et al. 2020

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“…The socio-demographic information included sex, age, and ethnicity. Information about family history, (pre-existing) chronic conditions, and SARS-CoV-2 related symptoms were collected through a detailed core clinical questionnaire as previously reported [7]. This clinical data was continually updated accordingly as new information appeared regarding COVID-19 ( Supplementary Table 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Employing a Systematic Approach to Biobanking and Analyzing Clinical and Genetic Data for Advancing COVID-19 Research

Daga

Fallerini

Baldassarri

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Within the GEN-COVID Multicenter Study, biospecimens from more than 1,000 SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals have thus far been collected in the GEN-COVID Biobank (GCB). Sample types include whole blood, plasma, serum, leukocytes, and DNA. The GCB links samples to detailed clinical data available in the GEN-COVID Patient Registry (GCPR). It includes hospitalized patients (74.25%), broken down into intubated, treated by CPAP-biPAP, treated with O2 supplementation, and without respiratory support (9.5%, 18.4%, 31.55% and 14.8, respectively); and non-hospitalized subjects (25.75%), either pauci- or asymptomatic. More than 150 clinical patient-level data fields have been collected and binarized according to the organs/systems primarily affected by COVID-19: heart, liver, pancreas, kidney, chemosensors, innate or adaptive immunity, and clotting system, for further statistics. Hierarchical Clustering analysis identified five main clinical categories: i) severe multisystemic failure with either thromboembolic or pancreatic variant; ii) cytokine storm type either severe with liver involvement or moderate; iii) moderate heart type either with or without liver damage; iv) moderate multisystemic involvement either with or without liver damage; v) mild either with or without hyposmia. GCB and GCPR are further linked to the GEN-COVID Genetic Data Repository (GCGDR), which includes data from Whole Exome Sequencing and high-density SNP genotyping. The data are available for sharing through the Network for Italian Genomes, within the COVID-19 dedicated section. The study objective is to systematize this comprehensive data collection and start identifying multi-organ involvement in COVID-19, defining genetic parameters for infection susceptibility within the population, and mapping genetically COVID-19 severity and clinical complexity among patients.

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“…Следует отметить, что тяжелое течение заболевания наблюдается не только у пациентов с сопутствующими патологиями, но и у здоровых лиц молодого возраста. Более того, в последнее время появились данные о возможной наследственной предрасположенности к определенному варианту течения заболевания COVID-19 [15]. Эти данные делают особенно актуальным поиск новых мишеней и механизмов развития пато-логических состояний и осложнений при коронавирусной инфекции.…”

Section: роль протеаз и системы активаторов плазминогена в патогенезе коронавирусной инфекцииunclassified

Proteolytic enzyme and adiponectin receptors as potential targets for COVID-19 therapy

Рубина

Сабитова

Efimenko

et al. 2021

Cardiovasc Ther Prev

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic requires not only the creation of vaccines to prevent the spread of the disease, but also the development of novel drugs aimed at reducing viral load, suppressing an excessive immune response and preventing the severe complications such as lung fibrosis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. One of the promising targets for studying the development of pneumonia, systemic inflammation and disseminated intravascular coagulation in COVID-19 is the plasminogen activator system. In patients with a severe disease course, impaired activity or expression of plasminogen activators significantly increases the blood level of D-dimer and fibrinogen, as well as correlates with intravascular coagulation and thrombus formation. The second promising target for studying the pathogenesis of COVID-19 is the adiponectin/T-cadherin system: adiponectin is able to reduce the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the increase of which is characteristic of COVID-19, and stimulate the production of an anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10. The review describes the role of plasminogen and T-cadherin activators in their possible participation in the development of pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19 and hemostasis regulation, as well as cardio- and vasculoprotective function of adiponectin and its receptor, T-cadherin.

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Clinical and molecular characterization of COVID-19 hospitalized patients

Cited by 17 publications

References 56 publications

Clinical, regional, and genetic characteristics of Covid-19 patients from UK Biobank

Clinical, regional, and genetic characteristics of Covid-19 patients from UK Biobank

Employing a Systematic Approach to Biobanking and Analyzing Clinical and Genetic Data for Advancing COVID-19 Research

Proteolytic enzyme and adiponectin receptors as potential targets for COVID-19 therapy

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