Clinical and Statistical Analysis of Fractures of the Condylar Process of the Mandible in the Chuvash Republic

Abstract

Abstract. The actual problem of maxillofacial traumatology is the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with fractures of the condylar process of the lower jaw, since they are the most difficult for both diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study was to study the regional features of the diagnosis and treatment of fractures of the condylar process of the mandible at the outpatient and inpatient stages of specialized medical care on the example of the Chuvash Republic. To analyze the current situation regarding the diagnosis and treatment of fractures of the condylar process of the lower jaw in the Chuvash Republic, we conducted a retrospective analysis of the case histories of the department of maxillofacial surgery of the budgetary institution of the Chuvash Republic "Emergency Hospital" of the Ministry of Health of the Chuvash Republic and outpatient cards of the Department of Emergency Dentistry of the Chuvash Republic "City Dental Clinic" of the Ministry of Health of the Chuvash Republic for the period from 2015 to 2019. The frequency of fractures of the condylar process of the lower jaw is in the range of statistical data given in the literature, and is 28,0±4,42% of all fractures of the lower jaw. It was found that patients with multiple fractures of the mandible involving the condylar process (84,33 ± 4,6%) are more often treated in the hospital, and patients with isolated unilateral fractures of the condylar process of the mandible (63,16 ± 8,24%) are treated on an outpatient basis. %). The main method of treatment of fractures of the condylar process of the lower jaw in outpatient and inpatient conditions remains the method of splinting: 100% and 91,79±3,98%, respectively. In all cases, without the recommended interdental occlusal pad. Analysis of medical documentation revealed the absence of control radiography in the hospital in the treatment of fractures of the condylar process of the lower jaw in 61,94±2,32% of cases. The analysis of the conducted control studies showed that after splinting without the recommended interdental occlusal lining, the displacement of fragments remained in 40,52±4,88% of patients in the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and in 19,74±9,86% of patients in the Department of Emergency Dentistry.