Clinical application of presepsin as diagnostic biomarker of infection: overview and updates

Galliera, Emanuela; Massaccesi, Luca; Vecchi, Elena De; Banfi, Giuseppe; Romanelli, Massimiliano Marco Corsi

doi:10.1515/cclm-2019-0643

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Presepsin has been proposed as a novel biomarker during sepsis due to its quick detection and response to pathogens. 23 Consistent with previous studies, 13 , 24 presepsin dramatically increased in early sepsis and was proportional to the severity and outcome. In non-survivors, the plasma levels of presepsin were significantly higher than in survivors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Association between elevation of plasma biomarkers and monocyte dysfunction and their combination in predicting sepsis: An observational single-centre cohort study

Tang

Xie

et al. 2020

Innate Immun

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This study aimed to investigate the possible relationship between the two biomarkers presepsin and procalcitonin (PCT) and monocyte immune function, and to explore their combination in mortality prediction in the early stage of sepsis. A total of 198 patients with bacterial infection and diagnosed with sepsis and 40 healthy control subjects were included. Blood samples were collected on admission within 24 h. Plasma concentrations of presepsin and PCT were measured. Expression of monocyte surface CD14, programmed cell death receptor ligand-1 (PD-L1) and human leucocyte Ag (HLA)-DR were determined using flow cytometry. Levels of plasma presepsin and PCT were significantly higher under septic conditions, and increased with the progression of sepsis. Monocyte CD14 and HLA-DR expression were decreased, while PD-L1 was overexpressed in sepsis compared to control. Presepsin and PCT concentrations were positively correlated with Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation System II score and PD-L1, while they were negatively correlated with CD14 and HLA-DR. Presepsin plus monocyte HLA-DR mean fluorescence intensity had the highest prognostic value over other parameters alone or in combination. Presepsin and PCT had a weak correlation with monocyte dysfunction during early sepsis. The combination of presepsin and monocyte HLA-DR could help improve prognostic value.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Association between elevation of plasma biomarkers and monocyte dysfunction and their combination in predicting sepsis: An observational single-centre cohort study

Tang

Xie

et al. 2020

Innate Immun

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“…During inflammation, sCD14 is cleaved in the blood by proteases to form a 64-amino acid N-terminal fragment, which constitutes the sCD14 subtype (sCD14-ST), and is also known as presepsin [140,141]. Interestingly, there are an increasing number of studies illustrating the function of presepsin (sCD14-ST) in the diagnosis of sepsis and prediction of the severity and mortality of the disease [142,143,144]. The serum level of presepsin (sCD14-ST) in the healthy human body is very low when it is not infected, and it is almost undetectable, but the serum level is sharply increased when the microorganisms such as bacteria and fungal are infected [145,146].…”

Section: Biomarkers Of Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathogenesis of Sepsis and Potential Therapeutic Targets

Huang

Cai

2019

IJMS

508

332

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Sepsis is defined as “a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a host’s dysfunctional response to infection”. Although the treatment of sepsis has developed rapidly in the past few years, sepsis incidence and mortality in clinical treatment is still climbing. Moreover, because of the diverse manifestations of sepsis, clinicians continue to face severe challenges in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of patients with sepsis. Here, we review the recent development in our understanding regarding the cellular pathogenesis and the target of clinical diagnosis of sepsis, with the goal of enhancing the current understanding of sepsis. The present state of research on targeted therapeutic drugs is also elaborated upon to provide information for the treatment of sepsis.

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“…P-SEP levels are inversely correlated with Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). In particular, in patients receiving hemodialysis, P-SEP values were markedly high, at comparable levels to those seen in severe sepsis or septic shock, and returned to normal levels after kidney transplantation [40][41][42].…”

Section: Presepsin Plasmatic Levels and Renal Functionmentioning

confidence: 78%

The Emerging Role of Presepsin (P-SEP) in the Diagnosis of Sepsis in the Critically Ill Infant: A Literature Review

Maddaloni

Rose

Santisi

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Sepsis causes high rates of morbidity and mortality in NICUs. The estimated incidence varies between 5 and 170 per 1000 births, depending on the social context. In very low birth-weight neonates, the level of mortality increases with the duration of hospitalization, reaching 36% among infants aged 8–14 days and 52% among infants aged 15–28 days. Early diagnosis is the only tool to improve the poor prognosis of neonatal sepsis. Blood culture, the gold standard for diagnosis, is time-consuming and poorly sensitive. C-reactive protein and procalcitonin, currently used as sepsis biomarkers, are influenced by several maternal and fetal pro-inflammatory conditions in the perinatal age. Presepsin is the N-terminal fragment of soluble CD14 subtype (sCD14-ST): it is released in the bloodstream by monocytes and macrophages, in response to bacterial invasion. Presepsin seems to be a new, promising biomarker for the early diagnosis of sepsis in neonates as it is not modified by perinatal confounding inflammatory factors. The aim of the present review is to collect current knowledge about the role of presepsin in critically ill neonates.

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Clinical application of presepsin as diagnostic biomarker of infection: overview and updates

Cited by 24 publications

References 41 publications

Association between elevation of plasma biomarkers and monocyte dysfunction and their combination in predicting sepsis: An observational single-centre cohort study

Association between elevation of plasma biomarkers and monocyte dysfunction and their combination in predicting sepsis: An observational single-centre cohort study

The Pathogenesis of Sepsis and Potential Therapeutic Targets

The Emerging Role of Presepsin (P-SEP) in the Diagnosis of Sepsis in the Critically Ill Infant: A Literature Review

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