Clinical characteristics of congenital cervical atresia based on anatomy and ultrasound: a retrospective study of 32 cases

Abstract

BackgroundTo explore the clinical characteristics of congenital cervical atresia.MethodsThis retrospective analysis included 32 cases of congenital cervical atresia treated from March 1984 to September 2010. The anatomic location, ultrasonic features, surgical treatments, and outcomes were recorded.ResultsBased on clinical characteristics observed during preoperative ultrasound and intraoperative exploration, congenital cervical atresia was divided into four types. Type I (n?=?22/32, 68.8%) is incomplete cervical atresia. Type II (n?=?5/32, 15.6%) defines a short and solid cervix with a round end; the structure lacked uterosacral and cardinal ligament attachments to the lower uterine body. Type III (n?=?2/32, 6.3%) is complete cervical atresia, in which the lowest region of the uterus exhibited a long and solid cervix. Type IV (n?=?3/32, 9.4%) defines the absence of a uterine isthmus, in which no internal os was detected, and a blind lumen was found under the uterus.ConclusionsObservations of clinical characteristics of congenital cervical atresia based on the anatomy and ultrasound may inform diagnosis and treatment strategy.

A rare case report on complete cervical agenesis with vaginal atresia and suspended didelphys uterus with hematometra and left haematosalpinx

“…9 Patients with either cervical obstruction or a fibrous cord may reasonably be considered for reconstruction. 7,10 Controversies do exist in the treatment options and some authors describe uterovaginal anastomosis as the first line of management. 11,12 However a complete preoperative evaluation is essential to provide useful information about the remnant cervix which serves as the basis for assessing the risks and benefits of the possible procedures to be performed.…”

Management of mullerian development anomalies: 9 years' experience of a tertiary care center

“…Xie et al . [ 28 ] conducted a retrospective study on 32 patients with CVA, wherein 84.3% had a successful outcome with utero-cervical canalization and vaginal reconstruction procedure while 15.6% of cases had to undergo a hysterectomy.…”

Congenital absence of uterine cervix

“…15 Patients with either cervical obstruction or a fibrous cord may reasonably be considered for reconstruction. 5,12 Controversies do exist in the treatment options and some authors describe uterovaginal anastomosis as the first line of management. 16,17 However a complete preoperative evaluation is essential to provide useful information about the remnant cervix which serves as the basis for assessing the risks and benefits of the possible procedures to be performed.…”

“…10 Cervical atresia has been further classified into different types as follows 5,[11][12][13] (i) The cervical body is intact with obstruction of the cervical os (ii) The cervical body consists of a fibrous band (iii) Fragmented portions of the cervix are noted (iv) The midportion of the cervix is hypoplastic with a bulbous tip. Imaging modalities should assess the nature of cervical remnant precisely as the reconstructive surgery is based on the anatomy observed.…”