Clinical characteristics of pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 and predictors of polymerase chain reaction positivity

Arslan, Gazi; Aktürk, Hüseyin; Duman, Murat

doi:10.1111/ped.14602

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Our clinical findings were compared with those observed in the other European cohorts of children presenting in the ED [ 13 – 20 ] as resulted by our scoping review (Table 2 ).Similar prevalence of symptoms was observed in all cohorts. Fever was always the main symptom (43%–82%) except for Turkish cohort in which a different definition of fever wad adopted (>38.0°C compared to >37.5°C for other studies).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

Symptom clusters helping the assessment of SARS-COV-2-infected children: Amiens cohort versus European data

et al. 2022

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Background: Since December 2019, the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, caused >240 million cases and >5 million deaths. Given the current wider dissemination of pediatric cases, it is important to address questions regarding the clinical picture in children or if there are clinical patterns that may help us identify in an early stage what can be the prognosis and help clinicians with patient management. The study aimed to investigate in a French monocentric cohort and other European cohorts the presence of symptom clusterization and its possible connection to illness categories to help medical first-line screening and orientation in the pediatric emergency department (ED). Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study describing clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2-infected children admitted to pediatric ED to assess the presence of symptom clustering. A scoping review of the literature was performed to further investigate symptom clusters. Results: Of 1086 tested children, 48 tested positive to SARS-CoV-2. The clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of our sample were fully described. Two distinct clusters of clinical phenotypes were identified as well as their potential association with illness categories in SARS-CoV-2-infected children. Comparison with similar European cohorts highlights how symptoms coming from the mucocutaneous-enteric, and the respiratory clusters are associated with a more severe clinical picture. Conclusions: This study promotes the importance to identify early prognostic patterns to help clinicians in the decision process, especially in COVID-19 pediatric patients.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

Symptom clusters helping the assessment of SARS-COV-2-infected children: Amiens cohort versus European data

et al. 2022

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“…A total of 18 studies reported prevalence of smell and/or taste dysfunction, most of them reported more than one type of prevalence among children with COVID-19. Specifically, 11 of the included studies reported the prevalence on smell dysfunction ( 13 , 25 , 27 , 28 , 30 , 34 – 36 , 40 ), 9 of the included studies reported prevalence on taste dysfunction ( 13 , 27 , 28 , 32 , 34 , 37 , 38 , 40 ), 10 of the included studies reported prevalence on smell or taste dysfunction ( 13 , 14 , 25 , 26 , 28 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 36 , 39 ), and 2 of the included studies reported prevalence on smell and taste dysfunction ( 13 , 28 ). Thus, four different types of prevalence were analyzed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Smell or Taste Dysfunction Among Children With COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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Background: Smell and taste dysfunctions are common and have been reported as an early indicator of COVID-19. The prevalence of smell and taste dysfunctions among children with COVID-19 varies greatly across studies, which remains to be summarized quantitatively. This review aimed at examining the pooled prevalence of smell or taste dysfunctions among children with COVID-19, summarizing possible causes of the inconsistencies in the current estimates.Methods: Systematic searches of databases were conducted for literature published until 12 January 2021. Statistical analyses were performed using R software, the pooled prevalence was combined using random effects model. The Loney criteria were used for quality assessment.Results: A total of 18 eligible studies were included. The results showed that the pooled prevalence of smell dysfunction among children with COVID-19 was 15.97% (95% CI: 8.18–23.77%), the pooled prevalence of taste dysfunction among children with COVID-19 was 9.20% (95% CI: 4.25–14.16%), the pooled prevalence of smell or taste dysfunction among children with COVID-19 was 15.50% (95% CI: 10.30–20.70%) and the pooled prevalence of smell and taste dysfunction among children with COVID-19 was 20.21% (95% CI: 14.14–26.28%). Higher smell or taste dysfunction rates were associated with being female, younger age, smaller sample size, patients in Asia, and with comorbidities.Conclusions: Evidence suggests that smell or taste dysfunctions were common among children with COVID-19. Further research is needed to identify effective strategies for preventing and treating smell and taste dysfunctions among children with COVID-19.

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“…History of contact with an individual infected by COVID-19 was reported as a predictor for PCR positivity. 14 The lower percentage of susceptibility in the pediatric population could be explained by differences in symptomatic infection rates and subsequent issues with case ascertainment. 15 Household transmission studies found that pediatric cases were usually identified through contact tracing of adults, although some case reports documented transmission from children to adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of COVID-19 Disease and the Effect of Trends in Intervention Measures: The Pediatric Perspective from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Turkey

et al. 2021

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Background: COVID-19 is an emerging disease of global public health concern. Aims: To evaluate the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiologic findings and the clinical outcomes of children who were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and to evaluate the effect of the trends in intervention measures. Study Design: Between April 2, 2020 and January 16, 2021, children aged 0-18 years who had presented at the pediatric emergency department and were diagnosed with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 by PCR were enrolled. Methods: Details on demographics, epidemiologic characteristics, clinical findings, laboratory data, and radiologic investigations, hospital admissions, and prognosis were recorded. According to clinical severity, patients were divided into 5 groups as asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe, or critical. We classified the outbreak into 3 periods. The first was between April 2, 2020, the date when the first pediatric case of our hospital was detected, and June 1, 2020, when restrictive measures were relaxed. The second period was between June 1, 2020 and November 15, 2020, when restrictive measures were re-implemented. The third period was between November 15, 2020 and January 16, 2021. Results: A total of 600 patients [median age: 10.3 years (IQR: 4.4-15.1); 304 females] were enrolled. Among them, 25.0% were asymptomatic, while the 3 most common symptoms among symptomatic cases were fever, cough, and fatigue. There was contact with a COVID-19 PCR-positive individual in 73.5% of the cases, with 76.6% of those being a household contact. There were 23 (3.9%) moderate, severe, or critical cases in terms of clinical severity. The presence of chronic disease, a pathological physical chest examination, and procalcitonin levels of >0.05 ng/mL were identified as predictors of being moderate, severe, or critical. Twenty-four (4.0%) patients were admitted to the hospital; 14 (2.3%) to the ward and 10 (1.6%) to the pediatric intensive care unit. In the second intervention period, we observed a rapidly increasing number of new cases daily, especially in August. From September, an increase was observed, being particularly marked from October to November 18. Since then, there was a decrease in the daily number of cases. Conclusion: The majority of the cases were asymptomatic or had a mild clinical presentation. The presence of chronic disease, a pathological physical chest examination, and procalcitonin levels of >0.05 ng/mL were identified as predictors of being moderate, severe, or critical in terms of clinical severity. Strict intervention measures seem to be effective in containing the spread of COVID-19.

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Clinical characteristics of pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 and predictors of polymerase chain reaction positivity

Cited by 13 publications

References 40 publications

Symptom clusters helping the assessment of SARS-COV-2-infected children: Amiens cohort versus European data

Symptom clusters helping the assessment of SARS-COV-2-infected children: Amiens cohort versus European data

Prevalence of Smell or Taste Dysfunction Among Children With COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Evaluation of COVID-19 Disease and the Effect of Trends in Intervention Measures: The Pediatric Perspective from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Turkey

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