Clinical Characteristics of Peripheral Neuropathy in Kenyan Patients with HIV Infection Compared with Patients with Concurrent HIV Infection and Diabetes Mellitus

Kuka, Werimo Pascal; Shah, Jasmit; Alam, Uazman; Shah, Reena; Sokhi, Dilraj

doi:10.1007/s13300-022-01205-3

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…However, it is difficult to compare our results with those of previous studies due to differences in statistical methods, data sources, study populations and the comorbidities included. In both general populations and people with HIV, pancreatic insufficiency, hypothyroidism, pruritis and peripheral neuropathy have been linked to type 2 diabetes (Evans et al, 2012;Piciucchi et al, 2015;Ogbonna and Ezeani, 2019;Pillay et al, 2020;Stefaniak et al, 2021;Kuka et al, 2022). However, the potential shared underlying biological pathways associated with these comorbidities merits further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in multimorbidity burden over a 3–5 year period among people with HIV

Sukumaran

Francesco²,

Winston³

et al. 2023

Front. Syst. Biol.

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Introduction: As people living with HIV age, the increasing burden of multimorbidity poses a significant health challenge. The aims of this study were to identify common patterns of multimorbidity and examine changes in their burden, as well as their associations with risk factors, over a 3–5 year period in people with HIV, enrolled in the Pharmacokinetic and clinical Observations in PeoPle over fiftY (POPPY) study.Methods: Common multimorbidity patterns were identified in POPPY participants with HIV using principal component analysis, based on Somers’ D statistic. Multimorbidity burden scores were calculated for each participant/pattern at study entry/follow-up and were standardised relative to the mean in the sample at baseline (scores >0 thus reflect a greater number of comorbidities relative to the mean). Two multivariable linear regression models were fitted to examine the associations between risk factors and burden z-scores at baseline and change in z-scores over a 3–5 year period.Results: Five patterns were identified among the 1073 POPPY participants with HIV {median age [interquartile range (IQR)], 52 (47–59) years; 85% male and 84% white}: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), Neurometabolic, Cancer and Mental-gastro-joint. The multivariable linear regression showed that older age, behavioural factors (i.e., body mass index (BMI), history of injection drug use, current recreational drug use and sex between men), and HIV-specific factors (i.e., duration since HIV diagnosis and a prior AIDS diagnosis) were associated with higher multimorbidity burden at baseline. However, only three of the factors (age, BMI and duration since HIV diagnosis) were significantly associated with an increase in burden across specific patterns over time.Discussion: Key modifiable and non-modifiable factors contributing to an increase in burden of multimorbidity were identified. Our findings may inform the development of more targeted interventions and guidelines to effectively prevent and manage the rising burden of multimorbidity in people with HIV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in multimorbidity burden over a 3–5 year period among people with HIV

Sukumaran

Francesco²,

Winston³

et al. 2023

Front. Syst. Biol.

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“…The prevalence of diabetes is higher in urban areas, including the capital city, Nairobi and other major towns like Nakuru County (Mohamed et al, 2018). Diabetic neuropathy is a significant concern for patients with diabetes in Kenya, impacting their daily activities and overall well-being (Kuka et al, 2022). Despite the importance of nutrition in diabetes management, limited research has focused on the dietary practices of patients with diabetic neuropathy in the Kenyan context.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Practices and Glycated Hemoglobin Levels of Adults with Diabetic Neuropathy in Nakuru County, Kenya

Bore,

Bor,

Onyangore

et al. 2024

AJND

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Diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes that can significantly impact patients’ quality of life. Practices play a crucial role in managing the condition and preventing further complications. This cross-sectional study examined the practices and glycated hemoglobin levels among adult patients with diabetic neuropathy. The study employed a cross-sectional design. A sample of adult patients diagnosed with diabetic neuropathy at Nakuru referral and teaching hospital was recruited. Data on dietary practices, including food choices, meal patterns, and dietary restrictions, were collected through structured interviews. Nutrient intake was assessed using dietary recall methods and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The chi-square test was used across the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels to compare categorical variables. Adherence to dietary recommendations was evaluated based on established guidelines for diabetic neuropathy management. Preliminary findings reveal sub-optimal practices in adults with diabetic neuropathy. Those with one or two daily meals reported significantly elevated HbA1c levels [χ2=11.808, p=0.008]. Skipping meals, especially breakfast and lunch, correlated with elevated HbA1c [χ2=17.622, p=0.001]. Smokers and alcohol consumers had a higher proportion of elevated HbA1c [χ2=7.269, p=0.007] and [χ2=15.610, p<0.001], respectively. Regular exercise, particularly daily or 1-3 times a week, is associated with lower HbA1c [χ2=37.329, p<0.001]. Elevated HbA1c correlated significantly with daily intake of animal products [χ2=18.931, p<0.001], fats and oils [χ2=12.211, p =0.00], fruits [χ2= 22.106, p<0.001], and cereals [χ2=21.728, p<0.001]. Conversely, daily consumption of vegetables [χ2=8.255, p=0.016], pulses, and legumes [χ2 =53.757, p<0.001] were associated with normal HbA1c. However, occasional sugar and honey intake did not significantly impact HbA1c [χ2=1.082, p=0.582]. In conclusion, our study highlights sub-optimal practices in adult diabetic neuropathy patients, particularly in those consuming one or two meals daily, skipping breakfast and lunch, and engaging in smoking or alcohol. Regular exercise correlates with lower HbA1c, while certain dietary habits influence glycemic control. These insights inform targeted interventions for improved patient care.

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“…Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multifactorial metabolic disorder that is clinically characterized by postprandial hyperglycemia and associated with cardiovascular events, kidney failure, and retinopathy along with neuropathy (Ahmed et al, 2022; Alizadeh et al, 2022; Kuka et al, 2022; Nørgaard et al, 2022). Despite profound advances in this area, the complete treatment of diabetes is still under progress (Mir et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking study of chromen‐linked hydrazine carbothioamides as potent α‐glucosidase inhibitors

Basri

Ullah

Halim

et al. 2023

Drug Development Research

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Inhibiting α‐glucosidase is a reliable method for reducing blood sugar levels in diabetic individuals. Several novel chromen‐linked hydrazine carbothioamide (3a–r) were designed and synthesized by condensation of chromone‐3‐carbaldehyde with a variety of substituted thiosemicarbazides. The structures of these new analogues were elucidated through various advanced spectroscopic techniques (1H NMR, 13C NMR, and ESI‐MS). The resulted compounds were screened for α‐glucosidase inhibitory potential and all the compounds (3a–r) exhibited potent inhibition of α‐glucosidase with IC50 values ranging 0.29–53.70 µM. Among them compounds 3c, 3f, 3h, and 3r displayed the highest α‐glucosidase inhibitor capability with IC50 values of 1.50, 1.28, 1.08, and 0.29 µM, respectively. Structure–activity relationship showed that different substituted groups are responsible for the variation in the α‐glucosidase inhibition. The kinetics studies of the most active inhibitor (3r) were performed, to investigate the mode of inhibition and dissociation constants (Ki), that indicated a competitive inhibitor with Ki value of 1.47 ± 0.31 µM. Furthermore, molecular docking studies was performed to reveal the possible interactions, such as H‐bonding, or π–π stacking, with the key residues of α‐glucosidase. Docking analysis revealed the importance of hydrazine carbothioamide moiety of compounds in the attachment of ligands with the crucial residues of α‐glucosidase. The estimated pharmacokinetic, physicochemical, and drug likeness properties of compounds 3a–r reflects that these molecules have acceptable range of these properties.

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Clinical Characteristics of Peripheral Neuropathy in Kenyan Patients with HIV Infection Compared with Patients with Concurrent HIV Infection and Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Changes in multimorbidity burden over a 3–5 year period among people with HIV

Changes in multimorbidity burden over a 3–5 year period among people with HIV

The Practices and Glycated Hemoglobin Levels of Adults with Diabetic Neuropathy in Nakuru County, Kenya

Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking study of chromen‐linked hydrazine carbothioamides as potent α‐glucosidase inhibitors

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