Clinical characteristics of the Omicron variant - results from a Nationwide Symptoms Survey in the Faroe Islands

Petersen, Maria Skaalum; Kongsstovu, Sunnvør í; Eliasen, Eina H.; Larsen, Sólrun; Hansen, Jóhanna Ljósá; Vest, Nicolina; Dahl, Maria Marjunardóttir; Christiansen, Debes H.; Møller, Lars; Kristiansen, Marnar Fríðheim

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.07.005

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Infection with the Omicron variant for example has also been shown to cause fever less frequently than the original virus strain. 51,52 Our analysis revealed many pathologically high blood pressure values, suggesting a high prevalence of untreated non-communicable diseases within the population. This may reflect difficulties in accessing care and receiving treatment for chronic diseases and may have had implications on adverse outcomes.…”

Section: Multivariable Survival Analysismentioning

confidence: 86%

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Factors associated with adverse outcomes among patients hospitalized at a COVID-19 treatment center run by Médecins sans Frontières in Herat, Afghanistan

Klein

Bastard

Hemat

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Though many studies on COVID have been published to date, data on COVID-19 epidemiology, symptoms, risk factors and severity in low- and middle-income countries (LMICS), such as Afghanistan are sparse. Objective To describe clinical characteristics, severity, and outcomes of patients hospitalized in the MSF COVID-19 treatment center (CTC) in Herat, Afghanistan and to assess risk factors associated with severe outcomes. Methods 1113 patients were included in this observational study between June 2020 and April 2022. Descriptive analysis was performed on clinical characteristics, complications, and outcomes of patients. Univariate description by Cox regression to identify risk factors for an adverse outcome was performed. Adverse outcome was defined as death or transfer to a level 3 intensive care located at another health facility. Finally, factors identified were included in a multivariate Cox survival analysis. Results A total of 165 patients (14.8%) suffered from a severe disease course, with a median time of 6 days (interquartile range: 2-11 days) from admission to adverse outcome. In our multivariate model, we identified male gender, age over 50, high O2 flow administered during admission, lymphopenia, anemia and O2 saturation <=93% during the first three days of admission as predictors for a severe disease course (p<0.05). Conclusion Our analysis concluded in a relatively low rate of adverse outcomes of 14.8%. This is possibly related to the fact, that the resources at an MSF-led facility are higher, in terms of human resources as well as supply of drugs and biomedical equipment, including oxygen therapy devices, compared to local hospitals. Predictors for severe disease outcomes were found to be comparable to other settings.

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Section: Multivariable Survival Analysismentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Infection with the Omicron variant for example has also been shown to cause fever less frequently than the original virus strain. 51, 52…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with adverse outcomes among patients hospitalized at a COVID-19 treatment center run by Médecins sans Frontières in Herat, Afghanistan

Klein

Bastard

Hemat

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Faroe Islands study reported that in over half the cases, patients assessed their illness as asymptomatic or mild. 33 Infected patients showing no or mild symptoms indicate that the Omicron variant has increased immune escape ability, making it difficult to prevent. Among all cases, fever (43.4%), cough (37.7%), pharyngitis (25.7%), and rhinitis (12%) were the most prevalent symptoms, which was consistent with a study conducted in India, which revealed that the predominant symptoms reported included fever (43.2%), and the rest of the infected patients had milder symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of a booster dose of COVID-19 vaccines during an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.2 in China: A case–control study

Zhang

Wang²,

et al. 2023

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Real-world evidence on the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines marketed in China against the Omicron BA.2.2 variant remains scarce. A case–control study was conducted to estimate the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of COVID-19 vaccines marketed in China (inactivated vaccines, an Ad5-nCoV vaccine, and a recombinant protein vaccine). There were 414 cases infected with SARS-CoV-2 and 828 close contacts whose test results were consecutively negative as controls during the outbreak of the Omicron variant in Lu’an City, Anhui Province, China, in April 2022. The overall adjusted VE against Omicron BA.2.2 variant infection in the vaccinated group with any COVID-19 vaccine was 35.0% (95% CI: −9.1–61.3%), whereas the adjusted VE for booster vaccination was 51.6% (95% CI: 15.2–72.4%). Subgroup analysis showed that the overall adjusted VE of the Ad5-nCoV vaccine (65.8%, 95% CI: 12.8–86.6%) during the outbreak while any dose of inactivated vaccines and recombinant protein vaccine offered no protection. The adjusted VE of three-dose inactivated vaccines was 48.0% (95% CI: 8.0–70.6%), and the two-dose Ad5-nCoV vaccine was 62.9% (95% CI: 1.8–86%). There is no protection from a three-dose recombinant protein vaccine. COVID-19 vaccines offered 46.8% (95% CI: 9.5–68.7%) protection from infection within six months. There were statistically significant differences between the VEs of heterologous booster (VE = 76.4%, 95% CI: 14.3–93.5%) and homologous booster vaccination (VE = 51.8%, 95% CI: 9.6–74.3%) ( P = .036). Booster vaccination of COVID-19 vaccines offered more protection than full vaccination. A booster vaccination campaign for a booster dose after three doses of a recombinant protein vaccine must be urgently conducted.

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“…A study from India showed that the majority of patients infected with Omicron were asymptomatic (56.7%) [32] , consistent with our study. The Faroe Islands study reported that in over half the cases, patients assessed their illness as asymptomatic or mild [33] . Infected patients showing no or mild symptoms indicates that the Omicron variant has increased immune escape ability, making it difficult to prevent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of a booster dose of COVID-19 vaccines during an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 in China: A case-control study

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Real-world evidence on the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines marketed in China against the Omicron BA.2 variant remains scarce. Methods: A case-control study was conducted to estimate the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of COVID-19 vaccines marketed in China, including inactivated vaccines, an Ad5-nCoV vaccine, and a recombinant protein vaccine. The study included 414 participants infected with SARS-CoV-2 as cases and 828 individuals in close contact with COVID-19 patients as controls during the outbreak of the Omicron variant in April 2022 in Lu’an City, Anhui Province, China. Controls were selected from core close contacts based on a random sampling method with consecutive negative test results. Each case corresponded to two controls. Results: A total of 414 cases and 828 controls were included in this study. Compared to unvaccinated participants, the overall VE against Omicron BA.2 variant infection in the vaccinated group with any COVID-19 vaccine was 35.0% (95% CI: −9.1–61.3%), whereas the VE for booster vaccination was 51.6% (95% CI: 15.2–72.4%). Subgroup analysis showed that the overall VE of the Ad5-nCoV vaccine (65.8%, 95% CI: 12.8–86.6%) during the outbreak was higher than that of the inactivated vaccine (35.5%, 95%CI:-8.6–61.7%) and recombinant protein vaccine (13.0%, 95%CI:-76.1–57%). COVID-19 vaccines offered 46.8% (95% CI: 9.5–68.7%) protection for infection within 6 months, and no protection after 6 months. The VE of heterologous booster vaccination (76.4%, 95% CI: 14.3–93.5%) was considerably higher than that of homologous booster vaccination (51.8%, 95% CI: 9.6–74.3%). Conclusion: Booster vaccination of COVID-19 vaccines marketed in China offered more protection than full vaccination. A booster vaccination campaign for a booster dose after three doses of a recombinant protein vaccine must be urgently conducted. Keywords COVID-19 vaccines; Omicron; vaccine effectiveness; inactivated vaccine; Ad5-nCoV vaccine; recombinant protein vaccine

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Clinical characteristics of the Omicron variant - results from a Nationwide Symptoms Survey in the Faroe Islands

Cited by 34 publications

References 29 publications

Factors associated with adverse outcomes among patients hospitalized at a COVID-19 treatment center run by Médecins sans Frontières in Herat, Afghanistan

Factors associated with adverse outcomes among patients hospitalized at a COVID-19 treatment center run by Médecins sans Frontières in Herat, Afghanistan

Effectiveness of a booster dose of COVID-19 vaccines during an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.2 in China: A case–control study

Effectiveness of a booster dose of COVID-19 vaccines during an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 in China: A case-control study

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