Clinical chemistry of farmed red deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>) yearling hinds reared on grass or <i>papillonaceous</i> pasture paddocks in Hungary

Abstract

Yearling red deer (Cervus elaphus) hinds of identical initial body weight were reared on a monocotyledonous grass (group 1) or on a papillonaceous plant pasture (group 2) for 212 days. At the end of the experiment (when deer were shot) blood was taken from ten animals of each group for serum biochemical analysis. Hinds of group 2 provided higher final body weight (90±3.5 vs. 101±6.6 kg) and higher daily body weight gain (105.7±10.7 vs. 153.8±26.8 g/day). Within serum nitrogenous compounds group 2 provided higher total protein concentrations, while from the lipids only serum triglyceride levels were higher in this group. Serum potassium was in both groups higher than the reference range with a superposed slight hyperkalaemia in group 2. Higher lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase activities were found in group 2 and lower aspartate aminotransferase activity values. Inorganic phosphate concentration showed a significant difference (group 1 provides higher values). Results refer to an expressed venison growth as a result of the rich dietary protein supply of group 2. Findings were evaluated as well with discriminant factor analysis, outlining the relative importance of the single blood biochemical parameters in shaping the inter-group differences.

The Levels of Cortisol and Selected Biochemical Parameters in Red Deer Harvested during Stalking Hunts

“…The endogenous factors include the general health status of the animal and the impact of environmental stressors, e.g., the season of the year, food availability, reproduction, predators, and hunting [5]. The levels of blood biochemical parameters demonstrated in the present study were higher than those reported by other researchers in their stud-ies on farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus) [6,[85][86][87] and were also dependent on the type of physical or chemical anesthetic used and/or sedation agents used to subdue the animals [88] (Table 6). Our results do not align with the ranges indicated by Rosef et al [89], who reported higher levels of AST, GGTP, LDH, UREA, TCHOL, and TRIG and lower levels of TP, HAS, and BIL in wild Cervus elaphus atlanticus pharmacologically immobilized.…”

Wildlife Ungulate Rescue and Emergency Services in the Pisa Area (Tuscany, Italy): Evaluation of a 9-Years Period (2010–2018)

“…Heparinized samples were centrifuged at 2,100 rpm for 10 min and plasma was used to assess the following parameters using an autoanalyzer (Liasys, Analyzer Medical System-AMS, Rome, Italy); creatinine (kinetic modified Jaffè method) and urea (kinetic enzymatic method), total bilirubin (colorimetric method without DMSO concentrations), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (kinetic method UV-IFCC), alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma glutamyl-transferase (GGT) (kinetic method-Szasz-Tris), creatine kinase (CK) (kinetic method UV) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (kinetic method) activities. The results obtained have been compared with the reference ranges reported in literature (13,(15)(16)(17)(18).…”

Calcinosis in a roe deer fawn (Capreolus capreolus) in northern Germany

“…In suckling goat kids, phosphate plasma levels on the 20 th and 50 th day of life were also found to be at a high level (3.33 ± 0.31 mmol/L on day 20 and 8.19 ± 0.37 mmol/L on day 50, respectively) [24]. Szabó et al [25] detected significant differences in phosphate serum levels for farmed red deer yearlings depending on grass (phosphate: 2.1 ± 0.33 mmol/L) or papillonacceous (phosphate: 1.72 ± 0.24 mmol/L) pasture. Even though the investigated roe deer were young animals, the phosphate levels in the hunted roe deer with circa 5 mmol/L were much higher compared to those in the red deer (Table 2).…”