Clinical, clinicopathologic, and radiographic findings in dogs with coccidioidomycosis: 24 cases (1995–2000)

Johnson, Lynelle R.; Herrgesell, Eric J.; Davidson, Autumn P.; Pappagianis, Demosthenes

doi:10.2460/javma.2003.222.461

Cited by 65 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Owners seek medical care for dogs when they develop coughing, inappetance, lethargy, fever, and weight loss (17), as was typical of the dogs in this study. In this open-label study of VT-1161, 83% of the dogs clinically ill with coccidioidomycosis that were treated for 60 days had at least 50% improvement in their scored disease parameters by the end of the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of the Investigational Antifungal VT-1161 in Treating Naturally Occurring Coccidioidomycosis in Dogs

Shubitz

Roy²,

Trinh

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Coccidioidomycosis can be a chronic, systemic fungal infection requiring long-term to lifetime medication. Thus, there is a need for improved antifungal agents with greater efficacy and reduced toxicity. VT-1161 has a low affinity for mammalian cytochromes and potently inhibits fungal CYP51 with proven efficacy in murine models of central nervous system (CNS) and respiratory coccidioidomycosis. Dogs experience coccidioidomycosis similar to humans and are a useful preclinical model for naturally occurring disease. Twenty-four client-owned dogs diagnosed with respiratory coccidioidomycosis based on radiography, serology, clinical signs, and clinicopathologic abnormalities were treated with a loading dose of VT-1161 for 14 days, followed by 46 days of a lower maintenance dose. Twelve dogs received a high dose (29 mg/kg loading, 6 mg/kg maintenance) and 12 received a low dose (10 mg/kg loading, 1.6 mg/kg maintenance). Response to treatment was assessed by calculating the reduction in disease scores at exit compared to disease scores at enrollment. Overall, 20 of 24 (83%) dogs had Ն50% reduction in enrollment disease scores at exit (P Ͻ 0.001), with no difference between the high-and low-dose groups (P ϭ 0.66). Time-weighted average plasma concentrations for the high-and low-dose groups were 39 Ϯ 5 g/ml and 19 Ϯ 2 g/ml, respectively. In this openlabel study, VT-1161 was efficacious for the treatment of respiratory coccidioidomycosis in naturally infected dogs. Combined with previously reported murine data, this finding supports the further development of VT-1161 for the treatment of coccidioidomycosis in humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of the Investigational Antifungal VT-1161 in Treating Naturally Occurring Coccidioidomycosis in Dogs

Shubitz

Roy²,

Trinh

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…The incidence of this fungal disease in Brazil is not known. Coccidioidomycosis is found mainly in the southwestern United States, north Mexico and in other dry regions, such as northeastern Brazil (Wanke et al 1999, Johnson et al 2003, Togashi et al 2009). Cryptococcus and Aspergillus are spread worldwide, affecting animals and humans (O'Brien et al 2004, Marcasso et al 2005, Richardson 2005, Ferreira 2008, Queiroz et al 2008, Brown et al 2012, Pereira et al 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal pneumonia in dogs and cats with pulmonary clinical signs in southern Brazil

et al. 2018

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RESUMO.-[Pneumonia fúngica em cães e gatos do sul do Brasil com sinais clínicos pulmonares.] Pneumonia fúngica tem sido um diagnóstico diferencial em cães e gatos com sinais clínicos pulmonares, sendo também um risco de saúde pública para seus respectivos proprietários. Uma vez que uma fonte comum de exposição ambiental pode resultar em infecção, cães e gatos podem agir como sentinelas da doença para ambos, pessoas e animais. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a ocorrência de pneumonia fúngica em cães e gatos com sinais clínicos pulmonares, de maio de 2013 a fevereiro 2015 no sul do Brasil. Radiografias torácicas, exame de sangue e lavado broncoalveolar (LBA) não broncoscópico seguido de análise citológica e microbiológica foram realizados em todos os animais. Um cão foi positivo na cultura do fluido do LBA para um fungo patogênico (Cryptococcus neoformans) e outro cão para um fungo oportunista (Candida parapsilosis). Ambos os cães apresentaram tosse como sinal clínico principal e alterações radiológicas torácicas. Em conclusão, a ocorrência de pneumonia fúngica no sul do Brasil em cães e gatos por meio deste estudo foi relativamente baixa. A cultura do LBA pode possibilitar o diagnóstico de pneumonia fúngica causada por fungos oportunistas ou patogênicos e este diagnóstico diferencial deve ser uma preocupação em cães e gatos com sinais clínicos pulmonares.TERMOS DE INDEXAÇÃO: Pneumonia fúngica, cães, gatos, sul do Brasil, lavado broncoalveolar, saúde pública, micoses. INTRODUCTIONThe most common type of pneumonia detected in dogs and cats is caused by bacteria, however, fungal, parasitic and viral pneumonia require a differential diagnosis in patients with respiratory distress (Cohn 2009

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“…5 In our study, most of the horses in the area in which coccidioidomycosis is endemic were seronegative for antibodies against C immitis as determined via immunodiffusion assay. In our study, seropositive horses without clinical signs of coccidioidomycosis were identified, and our data suggest that a serum IgG anti-C immitis antibody titer of 8 or less may be consistent with exposure to the organism without subsequent development of disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Infection usually occurs via inhalation of these arthroconidia when they become airborne. 2 Coccidioidomycosis has been reported [1][2][3][4][5] in several mammalian species. 1 Because of this route of exposure, the disease most commonly involves the respiratory tract; however, lymphohematogenous dissemination can occur, resulting in infections in various organs such as bone, skin, and abdominal viscera.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of antibodies against Coccidioides immitis in healthy horses

Higgins¹,

Leith²,

Voss³

et al. 2005

javma

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Clinical, clinicopathologic, and radiographic findings in dogs with coccidioidomycosis: 24 cases (1995–2000)

Abstract: Results suggest that in dogs, coccidioidomycosis may be associated with a wide spectrum of nonspecific respiratory and musculoskeletal abnormalities. The chronic nature of the disease makes diagnosis difficult, even in regions in which the organism is endemic.

Cited by 65 publications

References 11 publications

Efficacy of the Investigational Antifungal VT-1161 in Treating Naturally Occurring Coccidioidomycosis in Dogs

Efficacy of the Investigational Antifungal VT-1161 in Treating Naturally Occurring Coccidioidomycosis in Dogs

Fungal pneumonia in dogs and cats with pulmonary clinical signs in southern Brazil

Seroprevalence of antibodies against Coccidioides immitis in healthy horses

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