Clinical effects and applications of the gut microbiome in hematologic malignancies

D'Angelo, Christopher; Sudakaran, Sailendharan; Callander, Natalie S.

doi:10.1002/cncr.33400

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Some characteristic microbiota can be used as biomarkers to predict the effect of immunotherapy [ 68 – 71 ]. Since the effect of immunotherapy depends on the appropriate intestinal microbiota, the identification of biomarkers which represent the “appropriate” microbiota composition is conducive to the early prediction of immunotherapy effect [ 72 , 73 ]. A study reviewed clinical trials of the role of the microbiota in the risk, prognosis, and treatment of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and solid tumors.…”

Section: Application Of Gut Microbiota In Tumor Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Gut Microbiota in Tumor Immunotherapy

Bai

et al. 2021

Journal of Immunology Research

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Tumor immunotherapy is the fourth therapy after surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. It has made great breakthroughs in the treatment of some epithelial tumors and hematological tumors. However, its adverse reactions are common or even more serious, and the response rate in some solid tumors is not satisfactory. With the maturity of genomics and metabolomics technologies, the effect of intestinal microbiota in tumor development and treatment has gradually been recognized. The microbiota may affect tumor immunity by regulating the host immune system and tumor microenvironment. Some bacteria help fight tumors by activating immunity, while some bacteria mediate immunosuppression to help cancer cells escape from the immune system. More and more studies have revealed that the effects and complications of tumor immunotherapy are related to the composition of the gut microbiota. The composition of the intestinal microbiota that is sensitive to treatment or prone to adverse reactions has certain characteristics. These characteristics may be used as biomarkers to predict the prognosis of immunotherapy and may also be developed as “immune potentiators” to assist immunotherapy. Some clinical and preclinical studies have proved that microbial intervention, including microbial transplantation, can improve the sensitivity of immunotherapy or reduce adverse reactions to a certain extent. With the development of gene editing technology and nanotechnology, the design and development of engineered bacteria that contribute to immunotherapy has become a new research hotspot. Based on the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and immunotherapy, the correct mining of microbial information and the development of reasonable and feasible microbial intervention methods are expected to optimize tumor immunotherapy to a large extent and bring new breakthroughs in tumor treatment.

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Section: Application Of Gut Microbiota In Tumor Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Gut Microbiota in Tumor Immunotherapy

Bai

et al. 2021

Journal of Immunology Research

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“…Indeed, fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) from donors who achieved complete response to anti-PD-1 monotherapy into anti-PD-1-refractory melanoma patients resulted safe, feasible and associated with clinical responses and improved cancer control by the immune system ( 43 ). Modulation of the gut microbiome has also been attempted in patients affected by hematologic malignancies because the microbiota is highly susceptible to most of the treatments proposed to these patients ( 44 ), and microbiota translocation into the bloodstream of patients with therapy-induced immunosuppression contributes to morbidity and mortality ( 45 ). In turn, treatment-induced dysbiosis can be corrected by probiotics, prebiotics and FMT ( 46 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Insider: Impact of the Gut Microbiota on Cancer Immunity and Response to Therapies in Multiple Myeloma

et al. 2022

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The human microbiota is a unique set of microorganisms colonizing the human body and evolving within it from the very beginning. Acting as an insider, the microbiota provides nutrients, and mutualistically interacts with the host’s immune system, thus contributing to the generation of barriers against pathogens. While a strong link has been documented between intestinal dysbiosis (i.e., disruption to the microbiota homeostasis) and diseases, the mechanisms by which commensal bacteria impact a wide spectrum of mucosal and extramucosal human disorders have only partially been deciphered. This is particularly puzzling for multiple myeloma (MM), a treatable but incurable neoplasia of plasma cells that accumulate in the bone marrow and lead to end-organ damage. Here we revise the most recent literature on data from both the bench and the bedside that show how the gut microbiota modulates cancer immunity, potentially impacting the progression of asymptomatic monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering MM (SMM) to full blown MM. We also explore the effect of the gut microbiome on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, chemotherapy, immunomodulating therapy and cancer immunotherapy in MM patients. Additionally, we identify the most cogent area of investigation that have the highest chance to delineate microbiota-related and pathobiology-based parameters for patient risk stratification. Lastly, we highlight microbiota-modulating strategies (i.e., diet, prebiotics, probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation and postbiotics) that may reduce treatment-related toxicity in patients affected by MM as well as the rates of undertreatment of SMM patients.

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“…Imbalance of the gut microbiota might disrupt the balance of host immunity or metabolism by changing the permeability of the intestinal mucosa, thereby leading to the development of autoimmune diseases or cancer [ 10 – 12 ]. In hematopoietic disorders, gut dysbacteriosis can affect hematopoiesis via basal inflammatory signaling and is associated with hematologic malignancies [ 13 , 14 ]. Meanwhile, some researchers have shown that the metabolic signature is altered in hematological diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiome and Plasma Metabolomic Analysis in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Jiang

Zhao

Zang

et al. 2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders. Studies have shown the involvement of an abnormal immune system in MDS pathogenesis. The gut microbiota are known to influence host immunity and metabolism, thereby contributing to the development of hematopoietic diseases. In this study, we performed gut microbiome and plasma metabolomic analyses in patients with MDS and healthy controls. We found that patients with MDS had a different gut microbial composition compared to controls. The gut microbiota in MDS patients showed a continuous evolutionary relationship from the phylum to the species level. At the species level, the abundance of Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Streptococcus luteciae, Clostridium citroniae, and Gemmiger formicilis increased, while that of Prevotella copri decreased in MDS patients compared to controls. Moreover, abundance of bacterial genera correlated with the percentage of lymphocyte subsets in patients with MDS. Metabolomic analysis showed that the concentrations of hypoxanthine and pyroglutamic acid were increased, while that of 3a,7a-dihydroxy-5b-cholestan was decreased in MDS patients compared to controls. In conclusion, gut microbiome and plasma metabolomics are altered in patients with MDS, which may be involved in the immunopathogenesis of the disease.

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Clinical effects and applications of the gut microbiome in hematologic malignancies

Cited by 22 publications

References 83 publications

The Role of Gut Microbiota in Tumor Immunotherapy

The Role of Gut Microbiota in Tumor Immunotherapy

The Insider: Impact of the Gut Microbiota on Cancer Immunity and Response to Therapies in Multiple Myeloma

Gut Microbiome and Plasma Metabolomic Analysis in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome

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