Clinical effects of endothelin receptor antagonism with bosentan in patients with severe chronic heart failure: results of a pilot study

A Phase II study of bosentan, a dual endothelin receptor antagonist, as monotherapy in patients with stage IV metastatic melanoma

“…To attain in vivo bosentan concentrations closer to this IC 50 value, a dose of 500 mg bid was chosen. This higher dose has been generally well tolerated in previous bosentan trials [24].…”

Acute hemodynamic effects of inhaled sodium nitrite in pulmonary hypertension associated with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

“…Outcomes are worse when PH complicates left heart disease and there are no specific treatments (1)(2)(3)(4). Further, in patients with left heart disease, therapies indicated for PAH, such as prostacyclins and endothelin receptor antagonists have been unsuccessful, while phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors have met with mixed results (5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Therefore, a great need exists to develop targeted therapies and to identify the patient population that can benefit.…”

Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension

“…Few studies have examined the role of drugs currently recommended in PAH. RCTs evaluating the effects of chronic use of epoprostenol [232] and bosentan [233,234] in advanced heart failure have been terminated early due to an increased rate of events in the investigational drug-treated group compared with conventional therapy. A small sized study recently suggested that sildenafil may improve exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with PH due to left heart disease [235].…”