Clinical Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Physical Performance in Healthy Subjects, the Key to Success in Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis from the Rehabilitation Point of View

Vecchio, Michele; Chiaramonte, Rita; Testa, Gianluca; Pavone, Vito

doi:10.3390/jfmk6040093

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that L‐carnitine supplementation reduces the lactate concentration in the plasma of athletes after exercise 37,38 . In addition, 3 weeks of L‐carnitine supplementation has the effect of reducing lactate levels in the plasma of humans 39 . In the present study, L‐carnitine treated ewes had lower levels of lactate in the plasma compared to controls at 120 and 150 days of gestation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…37,38 In addition, 3 weeks of L-carnitine supplementation has the effect of reducing lactate levels in the plasma of humans. 39 In the present study, L-carnitine treated ewes had lower levels of lactate in the plasma compared to controls at 120 and 150 days of gestation. However, kids born to L-carnitinetreated ewes had higher levels of lactate in plasma after the cold challenge.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

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Maternal L‐carnitine supplementation promotes brown adipose tissue thermogenesis of newborn goats after cold exposure

et al. 2022

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Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is an important component of energy expenditure and necessary to maintain body temperature for newborn mammals. In the previous study, we found that L‐carnitine was enriched in BAT and promoted BAT adipogenesis and thermogenesis in goat brown adipocytes. However, whether dietary L‐carnitine regulates BAT heat production and energy expenditure in lambs remains unclear. In this study, maternal L‐carnitine supplementation elevated the rectal temperature, as well as the expression of UCP1 and mitochondrial DNA content to promote BAT thermogenesis in newborn goats. Moreover, maternal L‐carnitine supplementation increased the levels of triglycerides (TG), non‐esterified fatty acids (NEFA), and lactate in plasma, as well as the content of lipid droplet and glycogen in BAT of newborn goats. Lipidomic analysis showed that maternal L‐carnitine supplementation remodeled the lipid composition of BAT in newborn goats. L‐carnitine significantly increased the levels of TG and diglyceride (DG) and decreased the levels of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids in BAT. Further studies showed that L‐carnitine promoted TG and glycogen deposition in brown adipocytes through AMPKα. Our results indicate that maternal L‐carnitine supplementation promotes BAT development and thermogenesis in newborn goats and provides new evidence for newborn goats to maintain body temperature in response to cold exposure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Maternal L‐carnitine supplementation promotes brown adipose tissue thermogenesis of newborn goats after cold exposure

et al. 2022

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“…Consequently, micronutrients and natural compounds, commonly known as nutraceuticals, should be included in the regimen to prevent or mitigate exerciseinduced oxidative stress and associated symptoms. For instance, supplementation with Lcarnitine enhances body strength, sports endurance and exercise capacity, while delaying the onset of fatigue, a typical symptom related to cancer that hinders adherence to rehabilitation and physical exercise [47]. Therefore, specific strategies for alleviating constipation should be integrated into a broader project aimed at improving overall health in patients with cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Rehabilitation in the Treatment of Constipation in Oncological Patients

Chiaramonte

Bonfiglio

Caramma³

et al. 2023

JCM

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Background: Chemotherapy, as well as opioid and antiemetic drugs, can contribute to constipation in oncological patients. This systematic review aims to analyse the potential of specific rehabilitation strategies and alternative strategies for improving constipation symptoms, with the goal of incorporating these strategies into a dedicated protocol for managing cancer-related constipation. This could potentially reduce the dosages of or eliminate the need for constipation medications. Methods: A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. The review included studies analysing constipation complaints in cancer patients treated with rehabilitation, acupuncture and osteopathy. Results: The review included 16 studies in line with PRISMA and PICOS criteria. Most studies showed that physical exercise, abdominal massage, TENS, acupuncture and education on the correct defecation position positively impacted the management of constipation and quality of life in oncological patients. A physiotherapy program involving massages as well as aerobic and resistance training improved constipation in oncological women, regardless of age, sex and frailty. A combination of abdominal massage, abdominal muscle stretching and education on proper defecation position alleviated the severity of constipation and related depression. However, the outcomes regarding TENS were yet inconsistent. Another technique, becoming increasingly common for constipation, and demonstrating positive results, involved stimulating trigger points through acupressure and acupuncture. Conversely, osteopathic and superficial manipulations more frequently required constipation medications than did the other alternative approaches. However, no existing studies have proposed a specific protocol to manage cancer-related constipation. Conclusions: The results of the studies confirm the positive influences of rehabilitation, osteopathy and acupuncture on constipation and pain in oncological patients. Nevertheless, further studies are required to establish the best type, timing and duration of treatment, as well as how the stage and location of the cancer and the cause of constipation (drug-induced or functional) impact the results.

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“…18,19 Additionally, investigations have shown decreased L-carnitine levels in people with PCOS and strong connections between lower L-carnitine levels and an increased risk of developing hyperinsulinemia in patients with PCOS. [20][21][22][23] Moreover, experimental studies have shown that adding L-carnitine can improve ovarian dysfunction in PCOS, which is linked to its antioxidant activity. Based on these data, one can suggest, to explain the improved biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates in the current study, that L-carnitine, through its anti oxidative activity, has resulted in the prevention of apoptosis and this may improve the ovarian environment and oocyte quality in addition to improved endometrial environment and process of implantation; however, the exact molecular mechanisms needs further experimental research work to be elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of L-carnitine on Apoptotic Markers (Annexin V and Clusterin) in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Women undergoing ICSI

Alhussien¹,

Mossa²,

Abood³

2022

IJDDT

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Background: Despite abnormal apoptosis of granulosa cells is believed to have a role in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), the cellular and molecular processes behind this are unknown. Atresia occurs in developing PCOS follicles, likely facilitated by increased androgen levels. Atretic follicles are eliminated in the absence of tissue injury or inflammation, suggesting that programmed cell death may be the mechanism behind this process. Aim of the Study: The current study evaluated the protective effect of L-carnitine (LC) against programmed cell death and, eventually, endometrial receptivity. Patients and Methods: This prospective case-control research was performed at the Al-Nahrain University’s high institute for infertility diagnosis and assisted reproductive technologies and the Al-Farah Specialist Fertility Center. Sixty women diagnosed with the polycystic ovarian syndrome were recruited in this research and began their IVF/ICSI cycle; clusterin and annexin V were measured as apoptotic markers in the early follicular phase of the cycle CD2-in the serum and in the follicular fluid on the day of ova pickup. Endometrial thickness was assessed by ultrasound examination.Results: Both serum annexin V and clusterin were decreased significantly after treatment (p< 0.05). The mean endometrial thickness in all enrolled women was 5.30 ± 0.70 mm. There was no significant difference in mean endometrial thickness between the study and placebo groups, 5.43 ± 0.63 versus 5.37 ± 0.66 mm, respectively (p = 0.441). There was no significant difference in mean serum annexin V (p = 0.101), but follicular fluid annexin V and serum and follicular fluid clusterin were lower in the study group than in the placebo group in a significant manner (p

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Clinical Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Physical Performance in Healthy Subjects, the Key to Success in Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis from the Rehabilitation Point of View

Cited by 11 publications

References 55 publications

Maternal L‐carnitine supplementation promotes brown adipose tissue thermogenesis of newborn goats after cold exposure

Maternal L‐carnitine supplementation promotes brown adipose tissue thermogenesis of newborn goats after cold exposure

The Role of Rehabilitation in the Treatment of Constipation in Oncological Patients

The Effect of L-carnitine on Apoptotic Markers (Annexin V and Clusterin) in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Women undergoing ICSI

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