Clinical efficacy and cardiorespiratory effects of intramuscular administration of alfaxalone alone or in combination with dexmedetomidine in cats

Rodrigo-Mocholí, Diego; Belda, Eliseo; Bosmans, Tim; Laredo, Francisco G.

doi:10.1111/vaa.12304

Cited by 38 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The starting doses of alfaxalone were chosen based on the results of previous studies in which alfaxalone was administered IM in healthy, euvolemic cats. 6,7,12 As a single agent, Tamura et al 6 studied the sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of alfaxalone in healthy adult cats receiving doses of 1-10 mg/kg IM and 5 mg/kg IV. Cats receiving 2.5 mg/kg alfaxalone IM became laterally recumbent within 7 mins of injection but had no hypotension or significant change in HR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of an intramuscular butorphanol and alfaxalone protocol for feline blood donation: a pilot study

Granfone

Walker

Smith

2017

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the use of an intramuscular (IM) sedation protocol with butorphanol and alfaxalone in cats undergoing blood donation. We hypothesized that this drug combination would provide sufficient sedation to perform phlebotomy without causing hypotension or significant changes in heart rate. Methods Six purpose-bred, healthy adult cats were sedated using IM butorphanol (0.4 mg/kg) and alfaxalone (2-3 mg/kg). Pulse and Doppler blood pressure (BP) were recorded at baseline, after sedation and immediately following phlebotomy. Once laterally recumbent, 12 ml/kg blood was collected from the jugular vein. Sedation scores, duration of lateral recumbency and the ability to successfully perform phlebotomy were recorded. Results There was no significant change in heart rate post-sedation (median 190 beats per min [bpm], range 160-224 bpm) or post-phlebotomy (median 200 bpm, range 180-220 bpm) compared with baseline values (median 200 bpm, range 180-220 bpm) ( P = 0.395). A statistically significant change in BP was detected ( P = 0.029), attributed to a difference between post-sedation (median 113.3 mmHg, range 110.7-130.0) and baseline (median 133.3 mmHg, range 130.0-183.3) measurements. Hypotension was not observed in any cat. Collection of at least 80% of the target volume was achieved in 5/6 cats, although all were adequately sedated to allow jugular venous phlebotomy. Median recumbency time was 53 mins (range 43-83 mins). Phlebotomy duration lasted a median of 13 mins (range 5-21 mins). Conclusions and relevance The administration of IM alfaxalone and butorphanol provided sufficient restraint for blood donation without causing hypotension or significant changes in heart rate before or after phlebotomy.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of an intramuscular butorphanol and alfaxalone protocol for feline blood donation: a pilot study

Granfone

Walker

Smith

2017

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The IV induction dose of alfaxalone-HPCD in cats was effectively reduced by premedication with other α 2 -agonists such as medetomidine and dexmedetomidine [ 17 , 21 ]. It was also reported that the quality of recovery from alfaxalone-HPCD anesthesia was improved by premedication with α 2 -agonists such as medetomidine and dexmedetomidine in dogs [ 23 ] and cats [ 17 , 19 , 20 ]. Waterman [ 26 ] reported that premedication with xylazine (0.2 mg/kg IM) did not significantly affect the half-life of ketamine (5 mg/kg IV) but reduced the volume of distribution and the clearance rate of ketamine by approximately 50%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of single-bolus intravenous alfaxalone with or without intramuscular xylazine-premedication in calves

El-Hawari

Sakata

Oyama

et al. 2018

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of xylazine-alfaxalone combination were evaluated in calves. Six calves (age: 6–9 months old; weight: 114–310 kg) were anesthetized with intravenous alfaxalone 15 min after administration of intramuscular saline (0.5 ml/100 kg) or xylazine (0.1 mg/kg; 0.5 ml/100 kg of a 2% xylazine solution). Anesthesia induction was smooth and orotracheal intubation was achieved in all calves. The calves anesthetized with xylazine-alfaxalone required a smaller induction dose of alfaxalone (1.23 ± 0.17 mg/kg, P=0.010) and accepted endotracheal intubation for a significantly longer period (16.8 ± 7.2 min, P=0.022) than the calves anesthetized with alfaxalone alone (2.28 ± 0.65 mg/kg 7.3 ± 1.6 min). At 5 min after induction, tachycardia (heart rate: 166 ± 47 beats/min of heart rate), hypertension (mean arterial blood pressure: 147 ± 81 mmHg) and hypoxemia (partial pressure of arterial blood oxygen [PaO2]: 43 ± 10 mmHg) were observed in the calves anesthetized with alfaxalone alone, whereas hypoxemia (PaO2: 47 ± 7 mmHg) and mild hypercapnia (partial pressure of arterial blood carbon dioxide: 54 ± 5 mmHg) were observed in the calves anesthetized with xylazine-alfaxalone. Premedication with xylazine provided a sparing effect on the induction dose of alfaxalone and a prolongation of anesthetic effect. Oxygen supplementation should be considered to prevent hypoxemia during anesthesia.

show abstract

“…Although alfaxalone is considered to be a short acting anaesthetic in dogs and cats, due to rapid metabolic clearance, no pharmacokinetic data in primates are currently available. The prolonged action of the AMM combination is likely due to the combined action of alfaxalone and midazolam towards GABA receptors and also the additional effects of the medetomidine . However, for some procedures, this duration of action will be an advantage as it avoids the need for supplemental dosing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prolonged action of the AMM combination is likely due to the combined action of alfaxalone and midazolam towards GABA receptors 22 and also the additional effects of the medetomidine. [23][24][25] However, for some procedures, this duration of action will be an advantage as it avoids the need for supplemental dosing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A combination of alfaxalone, medetomidine and midazolam for the chemical immobilization of Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta): Preliminary results

Bertrand

Sandersen

Murray

et al. 2017

J of Medical Primatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Clinical efficacy and cardiorespiratory effects of intramuscular administration of alfaxalone alone or in combination with dexmedetomidine in cats

Cited by 38 publications

References 29 publications

Evaluation of an intramuscular butorphanol and alfaxalone protocol for feline blood donation: a pilot study

Evaluation of an intramuscular butorphanol and alfaxalone protocol for feline blood donation: a pilot study

Anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of single-bolus intravenous alfaxalone with or without intramuscular xylazine-premedication in calves

A combination of alfaxalone, medetomidine and midazolam for the chemical immobilization of Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta): Preliminary results

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About