Clinical factors associated with the humoral immune response to influenza vaccination in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Abstract

Background and objectiveIndividuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at a high risk of developing significant complications from infection with the influenza virus. It is therefore vital to ensure that prophylaxis with the influenza vaccine is effective in COPD. The aim of this study was to assess the immunogenicity of the 2010 trivalent influenza vaccine in persons with COPD compared to healthy subjects without lung disease, and to examine clinical factors associated with the serological response to the vaccine.MethodsIn this observational study, 34 subjects (20 COPD, 14 healthy) received the 2010 influenza vaccine. Antibody titers at baseline and 28 days post-vaccination were measured using the hemagglutination inhibition assay (HAI) assay. Primary endpoints included seroconversion (≥4-fold increase in antibody titers from baseline) and the fold increase in antibody titer after vaccination.ResultsPersons with COPD mounted a significantly lower humoral immune response to the influenza vaccine compared to healthy participants. Seroconversion occurred in 90% of healthy participants, but only in 43% of COPD patients (P=0.036). Increasing age and previous influenza vaccination were associated with lower antibody responses. Antibody titers did not vary significantly with cigarette smoking, presence of other comorbid diseases, or COPD severity.ConclusionThe humoral immune response to the 2010 influenza vaccine was lower in persons with COPD compared to non-COPD controls. The antibody response also declined with increasing age and in those with a history of prior vaccination.

MicroRNA-125a and -b inhibit A20 and MAVS to promote inflammation and impair antiviral response in COPD

“…These have major issues with the constant need for developing new vaccines. COPD patients respond poorly to vaccination, as IAVs have become drug resistant and all therapeutics have questions surrounding availability and efficacy in future pandmics (22,23). There is therefore an urgent need to develop novel therapeutics for influenza, especially for those most susceptible to infection.…”

Influenza vaccination for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: understanding immunogenicity, efficacy and effectiveness

“…Surprisingly little research documents the immune response to TIV among patients with COPD. One observational study conducted in Australia found that patients with COPD produce a lower-fold increase in antibody concentrations in response to TIV, concluding that individuals with COPD mount a reduced humoral immune response to the influenza vaccine [Burel et al 2012;Nath et al 2014]. This study found that 90% of healthy subjects showed seroconversion in response to TIV compared with only 43% of patients with COPD.…”

“…One randomized, controlled study conducted in the Netherlands demonstrated no statistically significant difference in the efficacy of the influenza vaccine between smokers and nonsmokers in an older population [Cruijff et al 1999]. Additionally, another observational study concluded that there was no association observed between influenza vaccine response and whether the study participant was a current smoker [Nath et al 2014]. More research is needed before concluding there is an effect of smoking on the vaccine immunogenicity of TIV, but the evidence would suggest that TIV plays a key role in smokers and exsmokers with COPD.…”

Vaccine Technologies Against Avian Influenza: Current Approaches and New Directions

“…Finally, host factors in addition to age that may impact vaccine efficacy include nutrient status, microbiome of the individual, metabolic or disease condition, psychosocial factors, health practices, and previous infection history. [293][294][295][296][297][298] The "ideal" vaccine will elicit protective immunity regardless of the many genetic, physiological, or psychological conditions that may be present in the host.…”