Clinical features, diagnosis, and survival analysis of dogs with glioma

An 11‐year‐old, English cocker spaniel was presented with subacute progressive signs of vestibular ataxia, tetraparesis, left‐sided proprioceptive deficits, positional ventrolateral strabismus of the right eye and a right‐sided menace deficit. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cranium and cranial cervical spinal cord revealed multifocal T2 hyper‐/T1‐hypointense intradural lesions with dural tail signs and intra‐axial and intramedullary extension. Medical treatment resulted in initial improvement before deterioration was noticed. Cytological examination results of computed tomography‐guided fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of the C1–C2 lesion were consistent with mesenchymal neoplasia. Three days later, after progressive clinical deterioration, euthanasia was performed. Postmortem examination and subsequent histological examination of the brainstem and spinal cord revealed multifocal, strongly infiltrative growth of neoplastic cells with areas of pseudo‐rosette formation by cylindrical neoplastic cells with moderately large, oval nuclei in addition to areas of spindle‐shaped neoplastic cells with meningothelial whorls. The final diagnosis was a papillary (grade III) meningioma with multifocal leptomeningeal spread.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Papillary meningioma with multifocal leptomeningeal spread in a dog

Santifort

Soens

Beukers

et al. 2022

“…On the other hand, the available data in dogs show a poor prognosis with eventually death or euthanasia as a direct result of the severity of the clinical signs. The reported mean survival time for dogs with intracranial gliomas was 84 days despite treatment with surgery or RT, although RT appears to enhance the survival time as a single treatment or after surgery 7,9,13,29 . One prospective study revealed that the medium survival time in 51 dogs with infratentorial tumours was no longer than 2 months when treated with palliative treatment (prednisolone and/or anti‐epileptic medication) 30 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reported mean survival time for dogs with intracranial gliomas was 84 days despite treatment with surgery or RT, although RT appears to enhance the survival time as a single treatment or after surgery. 7,9,13,29 One prospective study revealed that the medium survival time in 51 dogs with infratentorial tumours was no longer than 2 months when treated with palliative treatment (prednisolone and/or anti-epileptic medication). 30 In our case, a combination of a total radiation dose of 50 Gy and oral glucocorticoids resulted in a survival time of half a year from when treatment was started.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gliomas represent approximately 40% of primary brain tumours in dogs, with a median survival time of 84 days in patients receiving definitive treatment and 26 days in patients receiving only palliative treatment 7 . The majority of gliomas in dogs appears to be astrocytic tumours 8–14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4][5][6] Gliomas represent approximately 40% of primary brain tumours in dogs, with a median survival time of 84 days in patients receiving definitive treatment and 26 days in patients receiving only palliative treatment. 7 The majority of gliomas in dogs appears to be astrocytic tumours. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Although frequently diagnosed among older dogs, there are few reports available in the veterinary literature of astrocytomas in young dogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Diagnostic imaging, treatment and outcome in a 14‐month‐old Dobermann with brainstem gemistocytic astrocytoma

Manzanedo‐Delgado¹,

Mason²,

Pumarola

et al. 2021

A 14-month-old male neutered Dobermann presented for investigations into lingual paresis, dysphagia and proprioceptive ataxia of the pelvic limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a mass lesion in the brainstem. Treatment with glucocorticoids and radiation therapy (RT) achieved a good quality of life for 6 months, after which deterioration occurred. Repeated MRI revealed an expansion of the mass lesion, after which the owners elected for the patient to be euthanised. Postmortem histological examination and immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of a gemistocytic astrocytoma. This case report describes the first case in the veterinary literature of a young dog with a brainstem gemistocytic astrocytoma treated with RT and glucocorticoids, with remission of clinical signs and excellent quality of life for 6 months after treatment.

Clinical course and MRI lesion progression over 4 years in a dog with final diagnosis of high‐grade oligodendroglioma

Tomazi,

Stein,

Oevermann

et al. 2024

A 9‐month‐old Cavalier King Charles Spaniel with 3‐month history of paroxysmal episodes of cervical pain and scratching had a magnetic resonance imaging revealing a large intra‐axial cystic lesion in the left frontal lobe, caudal transtentorial and foraminal brain herniation, and cervical syringomyelia. Despite suspected high‐grade glioma, clinical signs improved under palliative treatment. Follow‐up magnetic resonance imaging 2.5 years later showed a similar lesion size, with no radiological evidence of increased intracranial pressure. The differential diagnosis was reconsidered to possibly porencephaly, congenital cystic malformation or parasitic cyst. The dog remained clinically stable for 19 months before developing acute generalised, single, self‐limiting seizures, deteriorating to cluster seizures, stupor, cardiovascular arrest and death. Postmortem magnetic resonance imaging revealed lesion progression with ventricle invasion. Neuropathology confirmed a high‐grade oligodendroglioma with subarachnoid and intraventricular drop metastasis. This is the first report describing long‐term clinical course and magnetic resonance imaging lesion progression under palliative treatment of a dog ultimately diagnosed with high‐grade oligodendroglioma.