Clinical features of diabetic retinopathy in pregnancy

Pomytkina, N.V.; Sorokin, Е.L.

doi:10.17116/oftalma201913503155

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Several potential risk factors are introduced to initiate or progress DR among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, including the duration of diabetes, hypertension, advanced diabetic nephropathy, severe carotid artery occlusive disease and pregnancy 10,11 . Furthermore, Scanlon et al showed that race plays an important role in the progression of DR among various populations 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and risk factors of severe non‐proliferative/proliferative diabetic retinopathy: More than a decade follow up in the Tehran Lipids and Glucose Study

Sardarinia

Asgari

Arani

et al. 2021

J of Diabetes Invest

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Aims/Introduction To examine the incidence rate of severe non‐proliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (severe‐NPDR/PDR) and determine its potential risk factors. Materials and Methods The study consisted of 1,169 participants (675 women) with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged ≥20 years. A trained interviewer collected information about the history of pan‐retinal photocoagulation as a result of diabetic retinopathy. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied. Results We found 187 cases (126 women) of severe‐NPDR/PDR during a median follow‐up period of 12.7 years; the corresponding incidence rate was 13.6 per 1,000 person‐years. Being overweight (hazard ratio [HR], 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.60, 0.39–0.92) and obese (HR 0.48, 95% CI 0.27–0.83) were associated with lower risk, whereas being smoker (HR 1.75, 95% CI 1.12–2.74), having fasting plasma glucose levels 7.22–10.0 mmol/L (HR 2.81, 95% CI 1.70–4.62), fasting plasma glucose ≥10 mmol/L (HR 5.87, 95% CI 3.67–9.41), taking glucose‐lowering medications (HR 2.58, 95% CI 1.87–3.56), prehypertension status (HR 1.65, 95% CI 1.05–2.58) and newly diagnosed hypertension (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.06–3.65) increased the risk of severe‐NPDR/PDR. Among newly diagnosed diabetes patients, being male was associated with a 59% lower risk of severe‐NPDR/PDR (HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.21–0.79). Furthermore, patients who had an intermediate level of education (6–12 years) had a higher risk of developing PDR (HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.05–3.30) compared with those who had <6 years of education. Conclusions Among Iranians with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 1.36% developed severe‐NPDR/PDR annually. Normal bodyweight, being a smoker, out of target fasting plasma glucose level, prehypertension and newly diagnosed hypertension status were independent risk factors of severe‐NPDR/PDR. Regarding the sight‐threatening entity of advanced diabetic retinopathy, the multicomponent strategy to control diabetes, abstinence of smoking and tight control of blood pressure should be considered.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and risk factors of severe non‐proliferative/proliferative diabetic retinopathy: More than a decade follow up in the Tehran Lipids and Glucose Study

Sardarinia

Asgari

Arani

et al. 2021

J of Diabetes Invest

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show abstract

“…DR-related biomarkers are found in blood, retina, vitreous, and aqueous humor and have also recently been found in tears [ 15 ]. The development of DR occurs progressively and pregnancy is a risk factor for it [ 16 ]. DR is graded according to the clinical features associated with it.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Treatment Modalities for Diabetic Retinopathy

Pande¹,

Tidake²

2022

Cureus

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Diabetes is a chronic progressive metabolic disorder that is caused by the body's inability to regulate blood glucose levels. If uncontrolled, it can lead to various complications. Among its various complications, longterm diabetes leads to diabetic retinopathy (DR). It is a disease involving blood vessels and the destruction of retinal nerves. It is usually classified into two types: proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). It progresses and causes loss of vision. The leading cause of loss of vision is diabetic macular edema (DME). The argon laser is used as a modality in the management of PDR. There are various types of laser photocoagulation, such as peripheral retinal laser photocoagulation, focal macular laser photocoagulation, and grid photocoagulation. DR results in various adverse consequences such as vitreous hemorrhage, fibrosis, traction, detachment of the retina, and glaucoma. To assess DR, a detailed fundus examination with a slit lamp biomicroscope needs to be done. Seven-standard field stereoscopic-color fundus photography needs to be done for documentation and follow-up. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1 have a greater risk of suffering from DR. Another major complication of the condition is DME, which is characterized by an increase in the permeability of vessels and the thickening of the central part of the retina along with the accumulation of hard exudates on the macula. This article discusses various laser therapy modalities for the treatment of DR, their types, mechanisms, and aims. Clinical features of DR include abnormal dilatation of capillaries, and outpouchings in the form of microaneurysm from the capillary wall are one of the earliest and most dangerous changes; later, non-perfusion of the retina occurs, which is associated with cotton wool spots and blot hemorrhages. In patients suffering from PDR and maculopathy, peripheral retinal laser photocoagulation is used as a mode of intervention.

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Investigation of diabetic retinopathy progression in women with diabetes mellitus during pregnancy

Pomytkina¹,

Sorokin²

2023

Vestn. oftal'mol.

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Clinical features of diabetic retinopathy in pregnancy

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Incidence and risk factors of severe non‐proliferative/proliferative diabetic retinopathy: More than a decade follow up in the Tehran Lipids and Glucose Study

Incidence and risk factors of severe non‐proliferative/proliferative diabetic retinopathy: More than a decade follow up in the Tehran Lipids and Glucose Study

Laser Treatment Modalities for Diabetic Retinopathy

Investigation of diabetic retinopathy progression in women with diabetes mellitus during pregnancy

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