Clinical, Histological, and Molecular Prognostic Factors in Childhood Medulloblastoma: Where Do We Stand?

Ntenti, Charikleia; Lallas, Konstantinos; Papazisis, Georgios

doi:10.3390/diagnostics13111915

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…MB is a highly aggressive pediatric central nervous system neoplasm characterized by considerable heterogeneity in cell origin, clinical manifestations, disease progression, and treatment outcomes [ 5 ]. With recent advances in molecular sequencing, an intricate landscape of DNA copy-number variations, gene transcription profiles, and post-transcriptional modifications within MB has emerged, resulting in an expanded classification of up to 12 molecular subgroups [ 59 ]. However, the complexity of these classifications has further complicated the domain of MB therapies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

miR-124-3p and miR-194-5p regulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway via ROR2 in medulloblastoma progression

Wang,

Fu,

Wang

et al. 2024

Cancer Gene Ther

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Medulloblastoma (MB), a prevalent pediatric central nervous system tumor, is influenced by microRNAs (miRNAs) that impact tumor initiation and progression. However, the specific involvement of miRNAs in MB tumorigenesis remains unclear. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we identified ROR2 expression in normal human fetal cerebellum. Subsequent analyses, including immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and Western blot, assessed ROR2 expression in MB tissues and cell lines. We investigated miR-124-3p and miR-194-5p and their regulatory role in ROR2 expression through the dual-luciferase reporter, qRT-PCR, and western blot assays. Mechanistic insights were gained through functional assays exploring the impact of miR-124-3p, miR-194-5p, and ROR2 on MB growth in vitro and in vivo. We observed significantly reduced miR-124-3p and miR-194-5p expression and elevated ROR2 expression in MB tissues and cell lines. High ROR2 expression inversely correlated with overall survival in WNT and SHH subgroups of MB patients. Functionally, overexpressing miR-124-3p and miR-194-5p and inhibiting ROR2 suppressed in vitro malignant transformation and in vivo tumorigenicity. Mechanistically, miR-124-3p and miR-194-5p synergistically regulated the ROR2/PI3K/Akt pathway, influencing MB progression. Our findings indicate that miR-124-3p and miR-194-5p function as tumor suppressors, inhibiting MB progression via the ROR2/PI3K/Akt axis, suggesting a key mechanism and therapeutic targets for MB patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

miR-124-3p and miR-194-5p regulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway via ROR2 in medulloblastoma progression

Wang,

Fu,

Wang

et al. 2024

Cancer Gene Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The review by Ntenti et al summarizes evidence about clinical, histopathological, and molecular factors that have an impact on the prognosis of childhood medulloblastomas (MBs), which are the most common and highly aggressive neoplasms of the central nervous system [6]. New molecular techniques, genomic and transcriptomic analyses, have played an important role in forming novel molecular subgroups of MBs outlined in the recent 2021 WHO molecular classification [7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%