Clinical implication of urinary tubular markers in the early stage of nephropathy with type 2 diabetic patients

Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin as a Marker of Tubular Damage in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with and without Albuminuria

“…Some other studies showed inconsistency with our results. Kim S.S. et al found that UNGAL was elevated in diabetic patients with macroalbuminuria compared to control, normoalbuminuria and microalbuminuria groups, however he did not find any significant difference between control group and normoalbuminuria group [33]. Although Nielsen S.E.…”

NGAL and NT-proBNP levels in diabetic patients with macroproteinuria

“…Kim et al 12 reported that urinary tubular markers may be independently associated with albuminuria in the early stage of nephropathy in type II diabetics and may reflect inflammatory processing and the activation of the intrarenal RAS. Yang et al 14 showed that serum and urine NGAL are sensitive for predicting the progression of type-II diabetic nephropathy.…”

“…10,11 Some studies reported that in diabetic nephropathy renal impairment is not only associated with decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and increased urinary albumin excretion, but also with the presence of structural tubular damage, as measured by increased urinary concentrations of specific tubular marker proteins such as NGAL. [12][13][14] While BNP is a marker of ventricular stretch, and therefore a surrogate of volume overload, NGAL is a marker of renal tubular injury that is both diagnostic and prognostic. Recently, it was hypothesized that venous congestion might also be a determinant of renal damage.…”

Urinary RBP and NGAL Levels are Associated with Nephropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

“…Bennett et al and Mori et al have reported that NGAL was one of the most highly elevated proteins in kidney tubules following ischemic injury, suggesting that NGAL was a specific marker for acute kidney injury [11, 12]. Urinary NGAL levels were showed to be significantly increased in patients with diabetes when compared with nondiabetic control subjects [13, 14]. Our previous study showed that NGAL was markedly increased and correlated with the severity of albuminuria in diabetes patients [15]; however, the data was limited by the number of participants and larger studies are needed to establish NGAL as a biomarker in clinical practice.…”