Clinical implications of measurement of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentration in dogs with spontaneous heart disease

Abstract

Results may provide reference values for plasma ANP concentration in dogs and suggest that plasma ANP concentration may help to distinguish dogs with cardiac disease from clinically normal dogs. Measurement of plasma ANP concentration may be a useful marker for predicting the severity of heart disease in dogs.

Long‐term outcome in dogs undergoing mitral valve repair with suture annuloplasty and chordae tendinae replacement

“…An eight‐year‐old male Maltese weighing 2·4 kg with respiratory distress and cyanosis was referred to the clinic due to pulmonary oedema caused by MR. Clinical examination revealed a grade IV (of VI) systolic murmur with maximum intensity over the left cardiac apex. The plasma concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) was 368 pg/mL (reference interval <100 pg/mL (Greco and others , Hori and others )). A thoracic radiograph showed mild cardiac enlargement with a vertebral heart size (VHS) of 11·0 vertebral lengths (v) and pulmonary oedema.…”

Biomarkers for differentiation of causes of respiratory distress in dogs and cats: Part 1 – Cardiac diseases and pulmonary hypertension

“…Dogs with CHF had significantly higher C‐ANP concentrations than dogs with MVD that were not yet clinical for their disease . Furthermore, increases in C‐ANP concentration were significantly correlated with vertebral heart score, fractional shortening, and the left atrial to aortic root diameter ratio (LA:Ao ratio) . While this study found too much overlap in C‐ANP concentrations between dogs with and without CHF to determine a clinically useful cut‐off value, another study found that the mean concentration of C‐ANP was 7× higher in dogs with CHF secondary to MVD than normal dogs …”

“…142 Furthermore, increases in C-ANP concentration were significantly correlated with vertebral heart score, fractional shortening, and the left atrial to aortic root diameter ratio (LA:Ao ratio). 143 While this study found too much overlap in C-ANP concentrations between dogs with and without CHF to determine a clinically useful cut-off value, 143 another study found that the mean concentration of C-ANP was 7× higher in dogs with CHF secondary to MVD than normal dogs. 142 Similar to dogs, the physiologically active C terminal of ANP in cats is nearly identical to that of people, and human assays for C-ANP can be used to measure this protein in cats.…”

“…66 Dogs with CHF secondary to MVD and other forms of spontaneous heart disease have been found to have higher concentrations of C-ANP compared with healthy controls. 142,143 Dogs with CHF had significantly higher C-ANP concentrations than dogs with MVD that were not yet clinical for their disease. 142 Furthermore, increases in C-ANP concentration were significantly correlated with vertebral heart score, fractional shortening, and the left atrial to aortic root diameter ratio (LA:Ao ratio).…”

“…The half‐life in dogs is approximately 10 minutes . Measurement of C‐ANP requires radioimmunoassay, which is not readily available in most veterinary practices . Due to the lack of studies evaluating C‐ANP to differentiate cause of dyspnea in animals that present with respiratory distress and inconsistent findings for animals with CHF, use of C‐ANP as a biomarker for respiratory distress cannot be advised at this time.…”