Clinical investigation of in vivo endodontically treated mandibular and maxillary molars

Hartwell, Gary R.; Bellizzi, Ralph

doi:10.1016/s0099-2399(82)80016-2

Cited by 160 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…With the advent of newer designs of ultrasonic instruments designed for more efficiency (Ruddle CPR), combined with dependable ultrasonic units (Spartan), the trough-ing process has become faster and cleaner. In most teeth, the location of MB2 canal orifices agree with the findings of several authors (2,3,7,8). The MB2 orifice openings were usually found mesial to an imaginary line between the MB 1 and palatal orifices, and commonly, about 2 to 3 mm palatal to the MB 1 orifice.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The presence of a second (mesiobuccal (MB)) (MB2) canal in the MB root of the maxillary molars has been the subject of many discussions and studies (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Hess and Zurcher's (1) landmark study in 1925 showed the mesial root of the lower first molar, and the MB root of the upper molars had the most ramifications of any teeth.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of these studies have shown from 18.6% (2) to 96.1% (3) occurrence of the fourth (MB2) canal in maxillary first molars, depending on which method was used. The literature shows both clinical (in vivo) and laboratory (in vitro) results (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) and that more MB2 canals can be found in the laboratory than were found clinically (4). In short, the incidence varies widely, depending on the method used: whether done with or without dye penetration, radiographically, various sectioning tech-niques, record reviews, different social groups, different age groups, with or without magnification, etc.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Canal morphology of maxillary molars: Clinical observations of canal configurations

Stropko

1999

Journal of Endodontics

226

210

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An examination of 1732 conventionally treated maxillary molars was made in an attempt to deter-mine the percentage of MB2 canals that could be located routinely. The teeth examined were 1096 first molars, 611 second molars, and 25 third mo-lars. The results were recorded on a modified computer program over an 8-yr period of time. An in-teresting trend was noted. The MB2 canal was found in 802 (73.2%) first molars, 310 (50.7%) sec-ond molars, and 5 (20.0%) third molars. It occurred as a separate canal in 54.9% of first molars, 45.6% of second molars, and joined in all third molars. However, as the operator became more experi-enced, scheduled sufficient clinical time, routinely employed the dental operating microscope, and used specific instruments adapted for microend-odontics, MB2 canals were located in 93.0% of first molars and 60.4% in second molars.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Canal morphology of maxillary molars: Clinical observations of canal configurations

Stropko

1999

Journal of Endodontics

226

210

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“…Cleghorn et al (2006) reviewed the studies on the morphology of maxillary first molars and showed that 57 % of mesibuccal roots had 2 or more root canals. Hartwell & Bellizi (1982) reported the incidence of additional canals in the mesiobuccal root as being between 40 % and 95 %. In an in vitro study, Baratto Filho et al (2009) demonstrated that 67.14 % of maxillary first molars had an additional canal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Complex Mesiobuccal Root Anatomy in Maxillary First Molar Teeth

Kaya-Büyükbayram

Kartal

2018

Int. J. Morphol.

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KAYA-BÜYÜKBAYRAM, I. & KARTAL, N.Evaluation of complex mesiobuccal root anatomy in maxillary first molar teeth. Int. J. Morphol., 36(2):460-464, 2018. SUMMARY:The objective of this study was to investigate the complex anatomy of mesiobuccal roots, supporting and complementing commonly applied clearing technique, using access cavity modification and the pulpal groove deepening method. Three hundred and ninety eight extracted intact human maxillary first molars were included in this study. Firstly, modified rhomboidal shape access cavities were prepared then, the developmental groove between the mesiobuccal and the palatal canals was deepened 1 mm with a round slow speed bur. Indian ink was injected into both the canal orifices of mesiobuccal roots and into the groove between mesiobuccal and palatal canals, using a 22 gauge syringe. Then the clearing technique was applied. The incidence of one canal was 30.90 %, two canals was 62.07 %, three canals was 7.03 %. In twenty five (6.28 %) of the mesiobuccal roots, 8 root canal types, which are not included in Vertucci's classification, were seen. All these root canal types had three root canals. The establishment of adequate access and deepening of the pulp chamber floor increased the probability of locating the third canal in the mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molars.

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“…Plants have a long history of use in the treatment of cancer (Hartwell and Bellizzi, 1982). The use of medicinal plants in healthcare by people of different culture and races across the globe is as old as the history of man (Egwaikhide et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical screening, cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, antimutagenicity, and protective potentials of the different solvent extracts from the air-dried leaves of Crescentia cujete Linn.

Billacura

Pangcoga

2017

Int. j. adv. appl. sci

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Crescentia cujete Linn. is a fast-growing evergreen tree in the Philippines. Folklore says C. cujete Linn. has been used as an alternative medicine to treat ailments such as hematoma and tumors. In this study, air-dried leaves of C. cujete Linn. was prepared and partitioned using hexane, and ethyl acetate as solvents and was qualitatively assessed for the presence of phytochemical constituents. Secondary metabolites like flavonoids, tannins, reducing sugar, and steroids were observed in the preliminary phytochemical screening of hexane, ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts. Cytotoxicity of the different extracts were determined using brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT). Median lethal concentration (LC50) of the hexane, aqueous, and crude ethanolic extracts were determined after 6 hours of exposure showing 572, 3048 and 220 ppm, respectively. Moreover, LC50 of the hexane, aqueous, and crude ethanolic extract, after 24 hours of exposure, were also determined showing 0, 0.184, and 6.47 ppm, respectively. The hexane, aqueous, and crude ethanolic extracts of C. cujete Linn. were also tested for its mutagenicity, antimutagenicity, and protective potentials using peripheral blood micronucleus test. The number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte (MNPCE) observed from the mutagenicity test of hexane, aqueous, and crude ethanolic extract administered at a dose of 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg showed an average mean of 16.7,14.6 and 14.7, respectively, are lower compared to that of the positive control, methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), showing 49.5 number of MNPCE. Also, results for the antimutagenicity and protective potentials of hexane, aqueous, and crude ethanolic extract administered at a dose of 50mg/kg and 100mg reduced the number of MNPCEs produced by the MMS.

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Clinical investigation of in vivo endodontically treated mandibular and maxillary molars

Cited by 160 publications

References 5 publications

Canal morphology of maxillary molars: Clinical observations of canal configurations

Canal morphology of maxillary molars: Clinical observations of canal configurations

Evaluation of Complex Mesiobuccal Root Anatomy in Maxillary First Molar Teeth

Phytochemical screening, cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, antimutagenicity, and protective potentials of the different solvent extracts from the air-dried leaves of Crescentia cujete Linn.

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