Compared to the removal kit, removal of the fiber posts with an ultrasonic tip decreases the fracture resistance of the roots, although significantly more time is required.

Dens invaginatus is a developmental anomaly that results in an enamel-lined cavity intruding into the crown or root before the mineralization phase. This report presents regenerative endodontic treatment of a necrotic immature tooth with Oehler's type III dens invaginatus of a nine-year-old female patient. A diagnosis of dens invaginatus (Oehler's type III) and a large periapical lesion was established with the aid of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). In the presented case contrary to the classic revascularization protocol, mechanical instrumentation was performed which apparently did not interfere with the regeneration process. After mechanical instrumentation of the invaginated canal by manual K-files, the invaginated canal space was disinfected by triple antibiotic paste followed by blood clot induction from the periapical tissues and the placement of mineral trioxide aggregate. At one-year follow-up, the tooth remained clinically asymptomatic. Radiographic examination revealed complete healing of the periapical lesion. At the 20-month follow-up, the radiographic examination also showed that the open apex was closed and the walls of the root canal were thickened.

KAYA-BÜYÜKBAYRAM, I. & KARTAL, N.Evaluation of complex mesiobuccal root anatomy in maxillary first molar teeth. Int. J. Morphol., 36(2):460-464, 2018. SUMMARY:The objective of this study was to investigate the complex anatomy of mesiobuccal roots, supporting and complementing commonly applied clearing technique, using access cavity modification and the pulpal groove deepening method. Three hundred and ninety eight extracted intact human maxillary first molars were included in this study. Firstly, modified rhomboidal shape access cavities were prepared then, the developmental groove between the mesiobuccal and the palatal canals was deepened 1 mm with a round slow speed bur. Indian ink was injected into both the canal orifices of mesiobuccal roots and into the groove between mesiobuccal and palatal canals, using a 22 gauge syringe. Then the clearing technique was applied. The incidence of one canal was 30.90 %, two canals was 62.07 %, three canals was 7.03 %. In twenty five (6.28 %) of the mesiobuccal roots, 8 root canal types, which are not included in Vertucci's classification, were seen. All these root canal types had three root canals. The establishment of adequate access and deepening of the pulp chamber floor increased the probability of locating the third canal in the mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molars.