Clinical lipidomics: a new way to diagnose human diseases

Abstract

Lipidomics is a measurement of a large scale of lipid species to understand roles of their carbon atoms, dual bonds, or isomerism in the lipid molecule. Clinical lipidomics was recently defined “as a new integrative biomedicine to discover the correlation and regulation between a large scale of lipid elements measured and analyzed in liquid biopsies from patients with those patient phenomes and clinical phenotypes”. The first step to translate lipidomics into clinical lipidomics is to settle a number of standard operation procedures and protocols of lipidomics performance and measurement. Clinical lipidomics is the part of clinical trans-omics which was coined as a new emerging scientific discipline where clinical phenomes are integrated with molecular multiomics. We believe it is the time to translate lipid science and lipidomics into clinical application and to understand the importance of clinical lipidomics as one of the most helpful approaches during the design and decision-making of therapeutic strategies for individuals. We emphasize here that clinical lipidomics should be merged with clinical phenomes, e.g. patient signs and symptoms, biomedical analyses, pathology, images, and responses to therapies, although it is difficult to integrate and fuse the information of clinical lipidomics with clinical phenomes. It will be a great achievement if we can draw the networks of lipidomic species fused with networks of genes and proteins to describe the molecular mechanisms of the disease in multi-dimensions.

Lipid Annotator: Towards Accurate Annotation in Non-Targeted Liquid Chromatography High-Resolution Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) Lipidomics Using a Rapid and User-Friendly Software

“…The entire range of lipids in a given substrate are called the lipidome. The structural and functional diversity of lipids explains the recent spike and continually expanding interest in lipidomics (comprehensive measurement of the lipidome) and includes application in clinical [1][2][3], material [4][5][6], agricultural [7,8], environmental sciences, and many other domains. While new lipids are discovered almost monthly, the complete diversity of lipids is still unknown, even within humans [9].…”

Is the clinical lipidomics a potential goldmine?

“…Clinical lipidomics is a new extension of lipidomics to study lipid profiles, pathways, and networks by characterizing and quantifying the complete spectrum of lipidomes in cells, biopsies, or body fluids of patients, and to link the lipidomics components to clinical proteomics, genomics, and phenomics (Lv et al 2018a , b ). In addition to linking new monogenic congenital lipid metabolic errors, there are an increasing evidence that lipid metabolism is associated with complex genetic characteristics in diabetes, breast cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, and lung diseases (Postle AD.…”

“…For instance, the mutation of hydroxylcoenzyme A dehydrogenase alpha subunit gene which implants a key enzyme of lipid metabolism, resulting in deficiency of enzymatic activity, might contribute to the tumorigenesis of renal cell carcinoma, and other cellular processes of lipid metabolism, e.g., biosynthesis, ketogenesis, and ketolysis. Lv et al conducted the first trial to integrate clinical lipidomics with genomic expression profiles of lipid-associated enzymes (Lv J et al Lv et al 2018 ). In this particular study, the amount of circulating lipids in patients with different subtypes of lung cancer was correlated with the expression of lipid-associated enzyme genes mined from global databases.…”

Potential Lipid Signatures for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Sepsis and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome

“…Recent omics techniques have facilitated high-throughput profiling of pathology-related signatures and biomarkers in biological fluids [ 12 ]. Lipidomics is one of the most recent, rapidly developing and promising approaches [ 13 ]. Lipidomics studies the state of the lipid molecular phenotype, reflecting the functional “landscape” of lipid activity in cells and tissues [ 14 ].…”