Clinical Outcomes by Race in Hypertensive Patients With and Without the Metabolic Syndrome&lt;subtitle&gt;Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT)&lt;/subtitle&gt;

Wright, Jackson T.; Harris-Haywood, Sonja; Pressel, Sara L.; Barzilay, Joshua I.; Baimbridge, Charles; Bareis, Charles J.; Basile, Jan; Black, Henry R.; Dart, Richard A.; Gupta, Alok; Hamilton, Bruce P.; Einhorn, Paula T.; Haywood, L. Julian; Jafri, Syed Z A; Louis, Gail T.; Whelton, Paul K.; Scott, Cranford L.; Simmons, Debra L.; Stanford, Carol; Davis, Barry R.

doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2007.66

Cited by 101 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…All-cause mortality was significantly lower in smokers encouraged to discontinue smoking as compared to control group not receiving aggressive and program-specific instructions. Thus, it was concluded that even modest level participation in smoking cessation provided important mortality reduction benefit [138]. Cigarette smoking exacerbates the already elevated risk of death in patients with CMS [139].…”

Section: Smoking Cessationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardio Metabolic Syndrome: A Global Epidemic

Kelli¹,

Kassas²,

Lattouf

2016

J Diabetes Metab

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Cardio Metabolic Syndrome (CMS), also known as insulin resistance syndrome or metabolic syndrome X, is a combination of metabolic disorders or risk factors that essentially includes a combination of diabetes mellitus, systemic arterial hypertension, central obesity and hyper-lipidemia. Common to these diseases of metabolism is the associated development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Studies have shown a strong link between CMS and increased prevalence of peripheral vascular diseases, coronary artery disease and myocardial infarctions as well as cerebro-vascular arterial diseases and stroke.

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Section: Smoking Cessationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardio Metabolic Syndrome: A Global Epidemic

Kelli¹,

Kassas²,

Lattouf

2016

J Diabetes Metab

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“…16 Activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is the major cause of hypertension because stimulation of the angiotensin II receptor increases oxidative stress, causes endothelial dysfunction, and promotes atherosclerosis. 17 Activation of the RAS has also been associated with abnormal secretion of cytokines in adipose cells.…”

Section: Metsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Valsartan on Fibrinolysis in Hypertensive Patients With Metabolic Syndrome

Miyata

Ikeda

Nakamura

et al. 2012

Circ J

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“…Thiazide diuretics also may have dyslipidemic and diabetogenic effects when used at high doses, although this has been questioned by the findings of the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack trial that failed to support the preference for calcium channel blockers, ␣-blockers, or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors compared with thiazide-type diuretics in patients with metabolic syndrome. 37 The AHA/ASA guideline recommends consideration of a diuretic in combination with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. 35 Table 3 lists recommendations for BP management according to AHA/ASA guidelines.…”

Section: Questions and Answers About Bp Management For Recurrent Stromentioning

confidence: 99%