Clinical Presentation of Hypoparathyroidism

Cipriani, Cristiana; Bilezikian, John P.

doi:10.1210/jendso/bvab003

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The most common etiology of the disorder is the removal of, or injury to, the parathyroid glands during a complication of anterior neck surgery, for example total thyroidectomy or radical neck dissection for head and neck malignancies. Other etiologies include autoimmune, genetic and, very rarely, infiltrative disorders (such as hemochromatosis) (21,22). Hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and low or undetectable PTH levels can cause muscle symptoms, such as cramps, seizures, paresthesias and numbness, life-threatening arrhythmias, laryngospasm, and bronchospasm.…”

Section: Parathyroid Hormone Disorders and Associated Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Muscle Physiopathology in Parathyroid Hormone Disorders

Romagnoli

Brandi²

2021

Front. Med.

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Parathyroid hormone disorders are a group of diseases in which secretion of parathormone (PTH) is impaired. The disorders that result are characterized by signs and symptoms associated with the persistent presence of high blood calcium levels (hypercalcemia) related to hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), or reduced blood calcium levels (hypocalcemia) associated with hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT). In addition to the resulting alteration in bone microarchitecture and mass for both pathologies, patients also report problems with skeletal muscle due to a decrease in muscular strength, muscular dysfunction, and myopathies, which can be responsible for an increased risk of instability and fracture. Although the effect of PTH on bone is well established, and numerous studies suggest that PTH has an effect on skeletal muscle, knowledge about cellular e molecular mechanisms of action on skeletal muscle is very limited. Skeletal muscle is a tissue well known for its structural and mechanical actions and is endowed with an extraordinary ability to adapt to physiological changes. Research in skeletal muscle has increased over the last decade, its importance as an endocrine tissue also emerging, becoming itself a target of numerous substances and hormones. Parathyroid hormone disorders represent a starting point to understand whether PTH may have an effect on skeletal muscle. This review analyzes the basic research data reported to date on PTH and skeletal muscle, highlighting the importance of increasing our knowledge in this field of research.

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Section: Parathyroid Hormone Disorders and Associated Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Replacement therapy with recombinant human PTH (1-84) represents a major step in the therapies of this disease (28). In Many clinical studies regarding its impact on QoL and effect on long-term complications are still ongoing (21,(30)(31)(32).…”

Section: Parathyroid Hormone Disorders and Associated Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle Physiopathology in Parathyroid Hormone Disorders

Romagnoli

Brandi²

2021

Front. Med.

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“…HypoPT, on the other hand, is a rare endocrine disorder caused by chronic deficiency or absence of PTH, usually a complication of anterior neck surgery, although it can also occur as a genetic or autoimmune disorder [13] . Hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and low or undetectable PTH levels can cause muscle symptoms like cramps, paresthesias and numbness, life-threatening arrhythmias, laryngospasm, bronchospasm and seizures [14] .…”

Section: Parathyroid Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parathyroid hormone and skeletal muscle cells

Romagnoli

Brandi²

2021

Int J Bone Frag

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Synthetized by the parathyroid glands, parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a single-chain, 84-amino acid polypeptide that controls calcium homeostasis by increasing serum levels, regulating calcium absorption in the small intestine (indirectly thanks to the action of calcitriol), renal reabsorption and removal from the bone matrix. It exerts its classical action mainly by interacting with PTH receptor type 1, a G protein-coupled receptor that is expressed in bone and kidney and activates different signaling pathways. Disorders of the parathyroid glands most commonly present with abnormal serum calcium concentrations: persistent high blood calcium levels are associated with hyperparathyroidism, whereas reduced blood calcium levels are associated with hypoparathyroidism. Both diseases are characterized by muscular dysfunction and myopathies. Even though numerous works suggest an effect of PTH on skeletal muscle, and PTH receptors have been identified in this tissue, knowledge of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of this hormone in skeletal muscle is very poor. It is hypothesized that skeletal muscle may be a target for PTH and that its receptors may mediate the effects of PTH. To support these hypotheses and obtain better and more specific understanding for future therapies, it needs to be established, using in vitro cellular models, whether PTH can affect skeletal muscle cell proliferation and differentiation.

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“…Hypocalcemia has lifethreatening acute complications such as laryngospasm, seizures and cardiac arrhythmias. It has chronic complications such as cerebral calcification and kidney stones (5)(6)(7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-life data of patients with hypoparathyroidism: a case-control study

TAN

TUZCU

Pekkolay

2022

Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine

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Objective: This study aims to investigate real-life data of patients with hypoparathyroidism. Material and Method:This retrospective case-control study was carried out in a tertiary endocrine center between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2019. Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of persistent hypoparathyroidism and healthy controls were included. Demographic characteristics of the patients, laboratory findings, etiologies of hypoparathyroidism, treatments they received, reasons for hospitalization, and complications were investigated.Results: Sixty-five patients (mean age 42.80±13.4 years, 91% female) with hypoparathyroidism, and 54 healthy controls (mean age 33.58±11.9 years, 65% female) were included. Mean calcium level 7.95±0.92 mg/dl, and mean PTH level 9.99±6.30 pg/ml in hypoparathyroidism. Regarding the etiology of HypoPT, 51 (78%) patients had hypoPT due to surgery; 14 (22%) patients developed HypoPT due to non-surgical causes. In patients with hypoPT who underwent surgery, the mean calcium value was 8.03±0.93 mg/dl; the mean calcium value in patients with non-surgical HypoPT was 7.67±0.85 mg/dl. The mean PTH levels in non-surgical group, other group 10.16±6.21 pg/ml and 9.36±6.82 pg/ml, respectively. The most common surgery was due to multinodular goiter (72%). In 46 percent, the most common treatment was calcitriol 0.5 mcg/day and calcium 2000 mg/day. Nearly half of the patients had treatment non-compliance (46%). Eighteen percent of patients had kidney stones. Forty-three percent of the patients had been hospitalized in the last year. The most common reason for the hospitalization of patients with hypoparathyroidism was hypocalcemia, and the most common reason for this was treatment non-compliance. Conclusion:In our study, the most common cause of hypoparathyroidism is surgery due to multinodular goiter. The most common reason for hospitalization is treatment non-compliance. Up to one-fifth of patients had kidney stones.

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Clinical Presentation of Hypoparathyroidism

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Muscle Physiopathology in Parathyroid Hormone Disorders

Muscle Physiopathology in Parathyroid Hormone Disorders

Parathyroid hormone and skeletal muscle cells

Real-life data of patients with hypoparathyroidism: a case-control study

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