Clinical profiles, comorbidities and complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients from United Arab Emirates

Abstract

ObjectiveTo assess clinical profiles of patients with type 2 diabetes in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), including patterns, frequencies, and risk factors of microvascular and macrovascular complications.Research design and methodsFour hundred and ninety patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled from two major hospitals in Abu Dhabi. The presence of microvascular and macrovascular complications was assessed using logistic regression, and demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected. Significance was set at p<0.05.ResultsHypertension (83.40%), obesity (90.49%) and dyslipidemia (93.43%) were common type 2 diabetes comorbidities. Most of the patients had relatively poor glycemic control and presented with multiple complications (83.47% of patients had one or more complication), with frequent renal involvement. The most frequent complication was retinopathy (13.26%). However, the pattern of complications varied based on age, where in patients <65 years, a single pattern presented, usually retinopathy, while multiple complications was typically seen in patients >65 years old. Low estimated glomerular filtration rate in combination with disease duration was the most significant risk factor in the development of a diabetic-associated complication especially for coronary artery disease, whereas age, lipid values and waist circumference were significantly associated with the development of diabetic retinopathy.ConclusionsPatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the UAE frequently present with comorbidities and complications. Renal disease was found to be the most common comorbidity, while retinopathy was noted as the most common diabetic complication. This emphasizes the need for screening and prevention program toward early, asymptomatic identification of comorbidities and commence treatment, especially for longer disease duration.

Association between Comorbidities and Selected Sociodemographic Factors with Complications of Diabetes: Results from the National Diabetic Registry Malaysia

“…In this study, nephropathy and retinopathy were more prevalent as compared to other complications and this finding concurs with other studies [16] [24]. Retinopathy was found to be a constant complication in diabetes patients [16] and all these complications were more predominant among older age [16].…”

“…Numerous studies discussed age as a strong independent predictor for diabetes and comorbidity [7] [24]. Evidently, multiple comorbidities are more prevalent among older people [24] and types of diabetic-associated complications [16] [19]. Those findings coincide with our finding where older patients (>40 years old) are more prone with diabetes complications.…”

“…Retinopathy was found to be a constant complication in diabetes patients [16] and all these complications were more predominant among older age [16]. Among all the complications, neuropathy and nephropathy were the commonest combined complications [16]. According to Donate-Correa et al [26], one third of diabetic patients are affected by diabetic nephropathy indicates significant of social and economic burdens that could lead to the chronic of end-stage renal disease [27].…”

“…Other diabetic complication such as end stage renal disease (ESRD) has shown significant predictor with diabetes-associated mortality adjusted for socioeconomic status [30]. Other study has documented neuropathy as the most predominant complication among diabetic patients [16] especially among Asian patients [31].…”

Prescription pattern and rationality of antihypertensive drugs in patients of type 2 diabetes with hypertension: a pilot study

“…2 Prevalence of HTN in T2DM is substantial and can be seen in more than 80% of patients. 3 Presence of Bhore AS et al Int J Res Med Sci. 2019 Apr;7 (4): [982][983][984][985][986] International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences | April 2019 | Vol 7 | Issue 4 Page 983 <140/90 is advised by the most guidelines in patients T2DM.…”