Clinical Results of Bacterial Endophthalmitis: Bacterial Culture and Visual Acuity Outcomes

Lee, Na Eun; Park, Jong Mun

doi:10.3341/jkos.2011.52.10.1173

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This is because the initial VA of the post-glaucoma surgery endophthalmitis was low due to advanced glaucoma, and the diagnosis of endogenous endophthalmitis was delayed because of other systemic problems. In this study, low initial VA is reported as a risk factor for poor visual prognosis, which is consistent with the findings of EVS and Lee and Park’s study [ 5 , 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Clinical characteristics and risk factors for visual prognosis according to the types of infectious endophthalmitis

Lee

2022

PLoS ONE

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Background Endophthalmitis is a fatal ophthalmological emergency that needs prompt diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and investigate risk factors for the visual prognosis of the different types of endophthalmitis. Methods This retrospective study included 239 eyes diagnosed with endophthalmitis at the Pusan National University Hospital between January 2006 and December 2020. All patients were classified into six groups based on the etiology of endophthalmitis: post-cataract surgery, post-vitrectomy, post-glaucoma surgery, post-intravitreal injection, endogenous, and post-trauma. Demographics and clinical characteristics such as age, sex, laterality, initial symptoms, the interval between the primary causable event and diagnosis of endophthalmitis, initial and final visual acuity, management, and culture results were reviewed and statistically analyzed. Risk factors for poor visual prognosis were also analyzed according to the type of endophthalmitis. Results Of the 239 cases of endophthalmitis, the most common cause was post-cataract surgery, that occurs within two weeks post-surgery. Gram-positive Staphylococcus was cultured most frequently. Fusarium was characteristically cultured from delayed post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis (14 days–6 weeks post-surgery). Post-vitrectomy endophthalmitis occurred within 3.3 days post-surgery, but post-glaucoma surgery endophthalmitis developed a long period after surgery, averaging 2,742 days. Post-intravitreal injection endophthalmitis occurred most frequently following bevacizumab injection, and Staphylococcus was most commonly isolated. For endogenous endophthalmitis, the pyogenic liver abscess was the most common underlying disease, and Klebsiella was isolated most frequently. Post-traumatic endophthalmitis mostly occurred in young men. Advanced age and poor initial visual acuity were risk factors for poor visual prognosis (P = 0.041, odds ratio = 1.024 and P < 0.001, odds ratio = 3.904, respectively, using logistic regression analysis). Conclusion Advanced age and initial visual acuity were risk factors for poor visual prognosis in cases of endophthalmitis caused by various etiologies. Early diagnosis and treatment of endophthalmitis are required, especially in older patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Clinical characteristics and risk factors for visual prognosis according to the types of infectious endophthalmitis

Lee

2022

PLoS ONE

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“…The rate of vitrectomy as an early intervention in Netherland study was 25 of 250 cases (10%). However, the rate of vitrectomy in a recent Korean endophthalmitis study was 76.3%, which was similar to our current findings [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Among the studies, the largest had 59 total cases and 37 culture-positive cases over the course of about 10 years. The smallest patient population had 18 total cases and 8 culture-positive cases over about 5 years [ 8 , 16 ]. In this context, the present study with its large study population of 174 total cases and 103 culture-positive cases has an advantage in revealing the clinical characteristics of Korean infectious endophthalmitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical features of infectious endophthalmitis in South Korea: a five-year multicenter study

Nam

Lee

et al. 2015

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundTo investigate clinical features of infectious endophthalmitis over five years in a South Korean population.MethodsMedical records of consecutive patients diagnosed with infectious endophthalmitis at eight institutions located in Gyeongsangnam-do and Pusan city between January 1, 2004 and July 31, 2010 were reviewed.ResultsA total of 197 patients were diagnosed and treated. An average of 30.0 infectious endophthalmitis per year was developed. The annual incidence rate of postoperative endophthalmitis during 2006 ~ 2009 was 0.037%. The ratios of male to female and right to left were 50.2%: 49.8 % and 54.8%: 43.2%, respectively. Eighth decade and spring were the peak age (36.6%) and season (32.0%) to develop the infectious endophthalmitis. The most common past history in systemic disease was hypertension (40.4%), followed by diabetes (23.4%). Cataract operation (60.4%) was the most common cause, among which most of them was uneventful phacoemulsification (95.9%). Corneal laceration (51.6%) and liver abscess (42.9%) were the most common causes of traumatic and endogenous endophthalmitis, respectively. The percentages of patients with initial and final visual acuity less than counting fingers were 62.6% and 35.2%, respectively. Treatment with vitrectomy with or without intravitreal antibiotics injection was administered to 72.6% of patients, while 17.3% received intravitreal antibiotics only.ConclusionsOur study revealed that the development of infectious endophthalmitis was related with seasonal variation and increased during our study period. Pars plana vitrectomy was preferred for the treatment of infectious endophthalmitis in South Korea.

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“…e frequency of causative microorganisms in endophthalmitis varies depending on the risk factors for endophthalmitis and its geographic locations. In postcataract endophthalmitis, Staphylococcus has been reported to be the most frequently isolated exogenous pathogen globally including in Korea [9][10][11][12]. In other studies, Streptococcus viridans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were referred to as common exogenous pathogens of postcataract endophthalmitis [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical Microbiological Feature of Infectious Endophthalmitis on Jeju Island: A 10-Year Study at a Single Tertiary Referral Center

Park

Kim

et al. 2021

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Background. To analyze the microbiological causes of infectious endophthalmitis on an isolated island over ten years. Methods. A retrospective review of the medical records of 49 eyes clinically diagnosed with infectious endophthalmitis between January 2009 and December 2018 was done. The subjects were recruited from a single tertiary referral center on Jeju Island. The baseline characteristics of all subjects were investigated, and a culture examination was performed. The isolated pathogens were analyzed to determine how their microbiological features differed from those in regions with different geographical conditions. Results. Of the 49 eyes, causative microorganisms were identified in 27 eyes (55.1%). Bacteria were found in 24 cases and fungi in 3 cases. Among the exogenous causes, Staphylococcus species (Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, and S. hominis) were the most common pathogens (7 cases). Achromobacter xylosoxidans was the second most common causative pathogen (4 cases) followed by Moraxella species (3 cases). The most frequent endogenous origin was due to Klebsiella pneumoniae (6 cases). The subjects were divided into two groups according to the treatment results and analyzed for predisposing factors related to visual outcomes. The presence of diabetes mellitus ( P = 0.038) and initial visual acuity ( P ≤ 0.001) were significant predisposing factors for visual outcomes. Conclusion. The causative microorganisms of endogenous endophthalmitis on Jeju Island were not different from those reported previously. However, isolated exogenous microorganisms were different from those reported in other studies from inland areas. A high incidence and atypical clinical features of Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Moraxella in exogenous endophthalmitis were observed, reflective of the distinct climatic features of Jeju Island: high humidity and temperature. Therefore, considering the causative microorganisms of exogenous endophthalmitis, it may be assumed that the causative microorganisms of exogenous endophthalmitis and its clinical manifestations differ according to the region.

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Clinical Results of Bacterial Endophthalmitis: Bacterial Culture and Visual Acuity Outcomes

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

Clinical characteristics and risk factors for visual prognosis according to the types of infectious endophthalmitis

Clinical characteristics and risk factors for visual prognosis according to the types of infectious endophthalmitis

Clinical features of infectious endophthalmitis in South Korea: a five-year multicenter study

Atypical Microbiological Feature of Infectious Endophthalmitis on Jeju Island: A 10-Year Study at a Single Tertiary Referral Center

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