Clinical significance and outcomes of Clostridium perfringens bacteremia—a 10-year experience at a tertiary care hospital

Yang, Chien-Chang; Hsu, Po-Chang; Chang, Hsien‐Kun; Cheng, Chun-Wen; Lee, Ming-Hsun

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2013.03.001

Cited by 50 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…perfringens septicemia [5,21,24]. Of these, presence of 1 gallstones is one of most frequent disorders [21,24], as was observed in the present case. 2…”

supporting

confidence: 73%

“…perfringens septicemia is generally associated with postpartum 17 infection [25], hepatobiliary tract diseases and surgery [21,26], and mucosal defects in 18 the gastrointestinal tract. It typically occurs in immunocompromised hosts with diabetes, 19 gastrointestinal cancer, or hematologic malignancies [4,5,11,24]. However, cases have 20 been reported in which there was no underlying condition [11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatal Clostridium perfringens septicemia suggested by postmortem computed tomography: A medico-legal autopsy case report

Yamaguchi¹,

Makino²,

Chiba³

et al. 2015

Forensic Science International

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“…perfringens septicemia [5,21,24]. Of these, presence of 1 gallstones is one of most frequent disorders [21,24], as was observed in the present case. 2…”

supporting

confidence: 73%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal Clostridium perfringens septicemia suggested by postmortem computed tomography: A medico-legal autopsy case report

Yamaguchi¹,

Makino²,

Chiba³

et al. 2015

Forensic Science International

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“…Clostridium perfringens is one of the most common causes of human foodborne illness, with an estimated million cases of foodborne illness each year in the United States (17,18). C. perfringens also causes infections of skin and soft tissue, gastroenteritis, gas gangrene, necrotizing enteritis, liver abscess, bacteremia, endophthalmitis, and septic shock with acute hemolysis (19)(20)(21). Clostridia are also the second most common cause of anaerobic bacteremia, and the 30-day mortality rate for infected patients is 27 to 44% (19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C. perfringens also causes infections of skin and soft tissue, gastroenteritis, gas gangrene, necrotizing enteritis, liver abscess, bacteremia, endophthalmitis, and septic shock with acute hemolysis (19)(20)(21). Clostridia are also the second most common cause of anaerobic bacteremia, and the 30-day mortality rate for infected patients is 27 to 44% (19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Exosporium Layer of Bacterial Spores: a Connection to the Environment and the Infected Host

Stewart

2015

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

138

155

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SUMMARYMuch of what we know regarding bacterial spore structure and function has been learned from studies of the genetically well-characterized bacteriumBacillus subtilis. Molecular aspects of spore structure, assembly, and function are well defined. However, certain bacteria produce spores with an outer spore layer, the exosporium, which is not present onB. subtilisspores. Our understanding of the composition and biological functions of the exosporium layer is much more limited than that of other aspects of the spore. Because the bacterial spore surface is important for the spore's interactions with the environment, as well as being the site of interaction of the spore with the host's innate immune system in the case of spore-forming bacterial pathogens, the exosporium is worthy of continued investigation. Recent exosporium studies have focused largely on members of theBacillus cereusfamily, principallyBacillus anthracisandBacillus cereus. Our understanding of the composition of the exosporium, the pathway of its assembly, and its role in spore biology is now coming into sharper focus. This review expands on a 2007 review of spore surface layers which provided an excellent conceptual framework of exosporium structure and function (A. O. Henriques and C. P. Moran, Jr., Annu Rev Microbiol61:555–588, 2007,http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.micro.61.080706.093224). That review began a process of considering outer spore layers as an integrated, multilayered structure rather than simply regarding the outer spore components as independent parts.

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“…On the other hand, Fujita et al [35] studied patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) with CP-positive blood cultures and reported that 5 of 18 cases had died (27.8%). Yang et al [36] reported the prognosis of CP septicemia in a tertiary care hospital. They found 93 cases over 10 years, and the 30-d mortality rate was 26.9%.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas-forming liver abscess associated with rapid hemolysis in a diabetic patient

Kurasawa¹,

Nishikido²,

Koike³

et al. 2014

WJD

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We experienced a case of liver abscess due to Clostridium perfringens (CP ) complicated with massive hemolysis and rapid death in an adequately controlled type 2 diabetic patient. The patient died 6 h after his first visit to the hospital. CP was later detected in a blood culture. We searched for case reports of CP septicemia and found 124 cases. Fifty patients survived, and 74 died. Of the 30 patients with liver abscess, only 3 cases survived following treatment with emergency surgical drainage. For the early detection of CP infection, detection of Gram-positive rods in the blood or drainage fluid is important. Spherocytes and ghost cells indicate intravascular hemolysis. The prognosis is very poor once massive hemolysis occurs. The major causative organisms of gas-forming liver abscess in diabetic patients are Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae ) and Escherichia coli (E. coli ). Although CP is relatively rare, the survival rate is very poor compared with those of K. pneumoniae and E. coli . Therefore, for every case that presents with a gas-forming liver abscess, the possibility of CP should be considered, and immediate aspiration of the abscess and Gram staining are important.© 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved.Key words: Liver abscess; Gas-forming; Clostridium perfringens ; Hemolysis; Diabetes Core tip: Gas-forming liver abscess caused by Clostridium perfringens can result in massive hemolysis and death within several hours. For survival, urgent surgical intervention and antibiotic administration are necessary.Kurasawa M, Nishikido T, Koike J, Tominaga S, Tamemoto H. Gas-forming liver abscess associated with rapid hemolysis in a diabetic patient. World J Diabetes 2014; 5(2): 224-229 Available from:

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Clinical significance and outcomes of Clostridium perfringens bacteremia—a 10-year experience at a tertiary care hospital

Abstract: Early recognition of this critical infection and early initiation of appropriate antibiotic treatment by surgical intervention or drainage is essential.

Cited by 50 publications

References 24 publications

Fatal Clostridium perfringens septicemia suggested by postmortem computed tomography: A medico-legal autopsy case report

Fatal Clostridium perfringens septicemia suggested by postmortem computed tomography: A medico-legal autopsy case report

The Exosporium Layer of Bacterial Spores: a Connection to the Environment and the Infected Host

Gas-forming liver abscess associated with rapid hemolysis in a diabetic patient

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