Clinical signs in dogs attributed to Yersinia enterocolitica antigen 0:9

Abstract

Canine yersiniosis is currently a scantily researched disease. Two agents predominately cause yersiniosis: Y. enterocolitica (gut yersiniosis), Y. preudotuberculosis (yersiniosis). There are three clinical forms of the disease: intestinal, generalized and secondary-focal. Current available research states the prevalence of Y. enterocolitica against other biovariants in canine infections. The majority of infected dogs demonstrate both asymptomatic clinical course and unspecific symptoms or serve as a carrier. Meanwhile yersiniosis pose a threat to human health causing a severe complex of symptoms. In some cases the disease can be lethal, thus the disease has both epizootological and epidemiological value. The goal of this paper was to generalize clinical signs in dogs that demonstrated positive reaction to Y. enterocolitica antigen 0:9, which is a dominant causative agent of yersiniosis in the northeastern region of Ukraine. The study was conducted based on clinical data, biochemical and hematological laboratory studies. Contamination of canine subjects with Y. enterocolitica 0:9 was conducted using agglutination reaction using respective antigen. The research showed, that the dominant symptoms in canines, affected by Yersinia serovariant 0:9 were gastrointestinal lesions in 100 % of the cases. The clinical signs included melena or bloody stool, general depression, anorexia, cachexia, more rarely – vomiting, tachypnea and breathing irregularities. The results of biochemical blood assays and CBC were heterogeneous and cannot be used as a specific marker of Yersinia infection. The main method of confirmation for Yersinia infection would be a serological agglutination reaction, which can identify positive diagnostic titers in animal blood samples. Further research is planned to study mono- and concurrent course of Yersiniosis with different infectious diseases.

A Review on Bacterial Infectious Diseases of Dogs

“…Localized tetanus commonly manifests as stiffness and rigidity in a limb with a wound, stiffness in neck muscles, hyperesthesia and tonic spasms. Dogs are treated with an i/v administration of antitoxin or penicillin while a combination of diazepam or phenobarbital and chlorpromazine can regulate seizures and hyperesthetic reactions [48].…”

“…It was confirmed as Y. enterocolitica 4:O3 by immunohistochemistry [50]. Clinical signs viz., anorexia, cachexia, bloody stool and depression were observed in dogs infected with Y. enterocolitica infection [51]. Dogs are believed to be indicator animals for plague surveillance but their association with human infection is rare [52].…”