Clinical Studies of Enteritis caused by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Patients who are given broad-spectrum antibiotics and whose gastric secretion is reduced are at high risk of MRSA enteritis. In the surgical ward, early diagnosis, treatment, and isolation are essential for patients with MRSA enteritis.

A rare case of infectious colitis

“…Generally these patients developed MRSA colitis two to seven days after surgery. It has been postulated that the initiation of broad-spectrum antibiotics, elevation of gastric pH juices due to anti-peptic ulcer drugs, and lack of peristalsis all contribute to the development of MRSA-related colitis in these patients [6]. As witnessed in our patient, MRSA can cause spontaneous, invasive, gastrointestinal disease despite the absence of any risk factors.…”

“…The primary disease process associated with community-acquired invasive MRSA has been reported to be bacteremia (75.2%), pneumonia (13.3%), cellulitis (9.7%), osteomyelitis (7.5%), endocarditis (6.3%), and septic shock (4.3%) [5]. The nares are considered to be the primary carriage source for MRSA; however, the intestine and rectum have been estimated to have colonization rates as high as 10% [6] and 60% [4], respectively. Although MRSA is prevalent in the community, it rarely poses a risk to healthy individuals.…”

Targeting staphylococcal enterotoxin B binding to CD28 as a new strategy for dampening superantigen-mediated intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunctions

“…Overall, our results provide new insights into the enterotoxic activity of SEB during S. aureus infections, which may lead to the exacerbation of chronic inflammatory diseases such as IBD ( 103 ), especially following infections by MRSA ( 8 , 9 , 104 ), and the identification of a novel mimetic peptide able to attenuate inflammatory-dependent epithelial barrier dysfunctions. In vivo experiments to test the efficacy of pSEB 116-132 mimetic peptide in attenuating or protecting rats or mice from S. aureus -induced foodborne intoxication or intestinal inflammation ( 31 , 105 , 106 ) will be seminal to assess its therapeutic potential in S. aureus -associated inflammatory diseases.…”

“…The persistent proliferation and survival of S. aureus at the site of infection often lead to dysbiosis with serious life-threatening conditions, including chronic inflammation ( 6 ). For example, S. aureus infections may cause chronic intestinal inflammation, such as staphylococcal enteritis, an inflammatory disorder common in infants and older people ( 7 ), which can also occur in healthy adults exposed to methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) ( 8 , 9 ). The enteropathic effects and intestinal epithelial dysfunctions observed in staphylococcal enteritis have been also related to the activity of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) ( 10 ), the most common cause of food-poisoning and gastrointestinal injuries ( 11 , 12 ).…”

Fecal microbiota transplantation restores dysbiosis in patients with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus enterocolitis

“…MRSA enteritis is characterized clinically by an acute onset in the early postoperative phase of fever, abdominal distension and production of a frothy, brownish-green, mucous watery effluent. The resulting systemic inflammatory response syndrome is associated with a high ileostomy output and related sepsis which can lead to severe dehydration, shock and eventually multi-organ failure even, in some circumstances, death [ 5 , 7 , 8 ].…”