Clinical, Ultrasonographic and Pathological Findings in a Bull with Segmental Aplasia of the Mesonephric Duct

Williams, Helen; Revell, S. G.; Scholes, S. F. E.; Courtenay, A. E.; Smith, Robert F.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0531.2009.01543.x

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Congenital malformations that are considered heritable such as cryptorchidism and polyorchidism are thought to play a role (Nair et al., 2008; Schumacher et al., 1994). Cases of aplasia of the mesonephric ducts have been reported and determined to be congenital in origin (Williams et al., 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tubular ectasia of the rete testis in an Angus bull

Waters

Schnuelle

Cofield

et al. 2021

Reprod Domestic Animals

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An 18‐month‐old Angus bull presented to Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine for a routine breeding soundness evaluation and lameness evaluation. He was classified as deferred potential breeder due to a lameness and was donated to the university. Following treatment, the bull's lameness resolved. He passed the breeding soundness examination in accordance with the Society for Theriogenology standards. However, avascular dilated areas at the level of the mediastinum testis of the right testicle were detected via Doppler ultrasonography. A high level of vascularity is routinely seen with neoplasia, such as teratomas. Due to the lack of vascularity, a presumptive diagnosis of tubular ectasia of the rete testis was made. The bull was castrated. The right testicle was submitted for histopathology revealing a definitive diagnosis of tubular ectasia of the rete testis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cases of aplasia of the mesonephric ducts have been reported and determined to be congenital in origin (Williams et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tubular ectasia of the rete testis in an Angus bull

Waters

Schnuelle

Cofield

et al. 2021

Reprod Domestic Animals

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“…On day 110 the seminal vesicles are~7 mm in length and at the same time the epididymis, begins to form when the mesonephric duct lengthens and coils forming the three distinct epididymal regions (caput, corpus and cauda) (Alkafafy and Sinowatz, 2012). Hypoplasia of the epididymis and/or the accessory sex glands has been described in bulls (Williams et al, 2010;Foster, 2016). Segmental aplasia or hypoplasia of the mesonephric duct is a sporadically reported defect.…”

Section: Prenatal Development Of the Reproductive Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Ontology and endocrinology of the reproductive system of bulls from fetus to maturity

McGowan

Holland

Boe-Hansen

2018

Animal

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This review focuses on current understanding of prenatal, prepubertal and post-pubertal development of the male reproductive system of cattle. The critical developmental events occur during the first 3 to 4 months of gestation and the first ~6 to 9 months after birth. The Wilms Tumor-1 and SRY proteins play critical roles in early development and differentiation of the fetal testis, which in turn drives gestational development of the entire male reproductive system. The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis matures earlier in the bovine fetus than other domestic species with descent of the testes into the scrotum occurring around the 4th month of gestation. An array of congenital abnormalities affecting the reproductive system of bulls has been reported and most are considered to be heritable, although the mode of inheritance in most cases has not been fully defined. Early postnatal detection of most of these abnormalities is problematic as clinical signs are generally not expressed until after puberty. Development of genomic markers for these abnormalities would enable early culling of affected calves in seedstock herds. The postnatal early sustained increase in lutenising hormone secretion cues the rapid growth of the testes in the bull calf leading to the onset of puberty. There is good evidence that both genetic and environmental factors, in particular postnatal nutrition, control or influence development and maturation of the reproductive system. For example, in Bos taurus genotypes which have had sustained genetic selection pressure applied for fertility, and where young bulls are managed on a moderate to high plane of nutrition puberty typically occurs at 8 to 12 months of age. However, in many Bos indicus genotypes where there has been little selection pressure for fertility and where young bulls are reared on a low plane of nutrition, puberty typically occurs between 15 to 17 months. Our understanding of the control and expression of sexual behavior in bulls is limited, particularly in B. indicus genotypes.

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“…The possible origin of this testicular cyst still continues to be of undefined origin. Williams et al (2010) reported one case of cyst in the head of epididymis of a Holstein bull presenting the dorsal pole of the left testis. The epididymis head was absent and was replaced by the presence of a cyst containing clear liquid.…”

Section: Cystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound as tool for diagnosis of diseases of the reproductive tract bulls

Sousa¹,

Filho²,

Ribeiro

et al. 2015

AVS

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ABSTRACT:The purpose of this study was to evaluate by ultrasound and breeding soundness examination (BSE) the major diseases affecting the reproductive tract of Nelore bulls, bred extensively in the state of Para, Brazil. Fifty-nine pure Nelore bulls were used, aged between 5 to 10 years, raised extensively in a commercial farm in the municipality of Paragominas, Pará state, Brazil. Scrotal circumference, testicular length and width were measured. Semen collection for evaluation of ejaculate volume, wave motion, motility, vigor, concentration and sperm pathologies was performed. Ultrasound examination was performed by equipment type Ultrasonic Transducer -CHISON/D600vet, linear transducers, where the frequency used was 5 MHz, being held two images of each testis, the longitudinal-lateral, lateral and transverse planes. The images were processed using the program Image J. The data were analyzed using the statistical program SAS (2000) and means were compared using Tukey's test (p<0.05). Among the fifty-nine bulls evaluated, 39 (66.1%) were classified as suitable for breeding and 20 (33.8 %) were classified as unsuitable. Throughout the use of ultrasonography changes as testicular degeneration one case (1.6%), one of orchitis (1.6%), one of hydrocele (1.6%), nine of calcification (15.2%) and two cysts in the testicular region parenchyma (3.3%) were found. The average scrotal circumference was 38.6±2.4 and 40.4±3.6 cm for the animals fit and unfit for reproduction categories respectively, observing statistical difference (P < 0.05). The average physical characteristics of semen for breeding animals was 74.2±18.8% for motility, 2.9±1.62% for wave motion, 3.2±1.08% for vigor, 4.7 ± 2.58 mL for volume, 0.84 ± 0.56 x106 sperm/mm 3 concentration and 9.4±4.7% of total sperm pathologies. For the unfit animals data was 73.2±24.6% for motility, 2.8±1.78% for wave motion, 3.3±1.17 vigor, 4.5 ± 2.16 mL volume, 27±0.14% of total sperm pathologies and 0.85±0.51 x 10 6 sperm/mm 3 for concentration. Statistical differences in the percentage of total sperm pathologies between fit and unfit animals was observed (P<0.05). The mean pixel intensity of testicular parenchyma was 45.35 to 45.25 for fit for animals unfit animals, without any statistical difference (P>0.05). Thus, it can be concluded that ultrasonography is an essential complementary tool in the diagnosis of reproductive disorders in animals subjected to BSE and its use should be recommended.

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Clinical, Ultrasonographic and Pathological Findings in a Bull with Segmental Aplasia of the Mesonephric Duct

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Tubular ectasia of the rete testis in an Angus bull

Tubular ectasia of the rete testis in an Angus bull

Review: Ontology and endocrinology of the reproductive system of bulls from fetus to maturity

Ultrasound as tool for diagnosis of diseases of the reproductive tract bulls

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