Clinical versus laboratory detection of alcohol abuse: the alcohol clinical index.

Skinner, Harvey A.; Holt, S; Sheu, Wen-Jenn; Israel, Yedy

doi:10.1136/bmj.292.6537.1703

Cited by 85 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The utility of empirically supported treatment guidelines can be evaluated in terms of standard psychometric indices such as the positive and negative predictive value, sensitivity and specificity and overall accuracy (Hennekens & Buring, 1987). A number of factors must be considered when determining the optimal cut-off criteria for a treatment setting (Skinner et al, 1986). For example, the cut-off criterion that produces the highest overall accuracy is not necessarily the best because this index assumes that the cost of false positives and false negatives is equal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a stepped care approach to treating problem drinkers: the predictive utility of within-treatment variables and therapist prognostic ratings

Breslin¹,

Sobell²,

Sobell³

et al. 1997

Addiction

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a stepped care approach to treating problem drinkers: the predictive utility of within-treatment variables and therapist prognostic ratings

Breslin¹,

Sobell²,

Sobell³

et al. 1997

Addiction

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“…Significant increase in serum bilirubin levels, both unconjugated and conjugated, was observed in alcoholic patients (18,19). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels correlate with recent intake; however, the sensitivity of an abnormal HDL-C in detecting alcohol misusers was limited (20). Plasma urate have been shown to correlate with recent alcohol intake.…”

Section: Other Common Laboratory Te~tsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical markers for alcohol consumption

Das

Nayak

Vasudevan

2003

Indian J Clin Biochem

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A variety of laboratory tests are available to assist in the diagnosis of alcohol consumption and related disorders. The levels of intake at which laboratory results become abnormal vary from person to person. Laboratory tests are particularly useful in settings where cooperativeness is suspected orwhen a history is not available. Several biochemical and hematological tests, such as T-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) content of serum, and erythrocyte mean corpuscular volume (MCV) are established markers of alcohol intake. Their validity as markers is based largely on correlations with recent intake at a single time point and on decreases in elevated values when heavy drinkers abstain from alcohol. These readily available laboratory tests provide important prognostic information and should be integral part of the assessment of persons with hazardous alcohol consumption. There are several other markers with considerable potential for more accurate reflection of recent alcohol intake. These include carbohydrate deficient transferrin, ~-hexosaminidase, acetaldehyde adducts and the urinary ratio of serotonin metabolites, 5-hydroxytryptophol and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. These markers provide hope for more sensitive and s.pecific aids to diagnosis and improved monitoring for intake.

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“…Other procedures for detecting substance use have not been tested in psychiatric patients. Procedures that deserve study include medical history and examination (Skinner, Holt, Sheu, and Israel, 1986), questions regarding traumatic injuries and clinical signs (Babor, DeLaFuente, Saunders, and Grant, 19891, and historical indicators such as childhood conduct disorder (Babor, DeLaFuente, Saunders, and Grant, 1989).…”

Section: Detection Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%