Clinical Wildlife Medicine: A New Paradigm for a New Century

Sleeman, Jonathan M.; Clark, Edward E.

doi:10.1647/1082-6742(2003)017[0033:cwmanp]2.0.co;2

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Benefits and limitations of this activity have been thoroughly discussed [2,3]. Moreover, there is a consensus on the value of Wildlife Rehabilitation Centers (WRC) in monitoring the health of ecosystems, detecting threats to wild animal populations and improving of the wild animal welfare [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morbidity, outcomes and cost-benefit analysis of wildlife rehabilitation in Catalonia (Spain)

Molina‐López¹,

Mañosa

Torres-Riera

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundThere are few studies of careful examination of wildlife casualties in Wildlife Rehabilitation Centers. These studies are essential for detecting menaces to wild species and providing objective criteria about cost-benefit of treatments in those centers. The release rate is considered the main outcome indicator, but other parameters such as length of stay at the center and a cost-benefit index expressed as number of released animals per euro and day, could be used as reliable estimators of the rehabilitation costs.MethodologyA retrospective study based on 54772 admissions recorded from 1995–2013 in the database of the Wildlife Rehabilitation Center of Torreferrussa (Catalonia, NW Spain) assessed the morbidity, outcomes and cost-benefits of the rehabilitation practices.ResultsThree hundred and two species were included: 232 birds (n = 48633), 37 mammals (n = 3293), 20 reptiles (n = 2705) and 13 amphibians (n = 141). The most frequent causes of admission were: 39.8% confiscation of protected species (89.4% passerines), 31.8% orphaned young animals (35.3% swifts, 21.7% diurnal raptors and owls) and 17.4% trauma casualties (46.7% raptors and owls). The highest proportion of releases was found in the captivity confiscation category [87.4% passerines (median time of stay: 12 days)], followed by the orphaned category [78% owls (66 days), 76.5% diurnal birds of prey (43 days), 75.6% hedgehogs (49 days), 52.7% swifts (19 days) and 52% bats (55 days)]. For the trauma group, 46.8% of releases were hedgehogs (44 days) and 25.6% owls (103 days). As regards the cost-benefit index, the trauma casualties and infectious diseases had the worse values with 1.3 and 1.4 released animals/euro/day respectively, and were particularly low in raptors, waders, marine birds and chiroptera. On the contrary, captivity (4.6) and misplacement (4.1) had the best index, particulary in amphibian, reptiles and passerines.Conclusions/significanceCost-benefit studies including the release rate, the time of stay at the center and the cost-benefit index should be implemented for improving management efficiency of the Wildlife Rehabilitation Centers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morbidity, outcomes and cost-benefit analysis of wildlife rehabilitation in Catalonia (Spain)

Molina‐López¹,

Mañosa

Torres-Riera

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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“…The direct benefits derived from the recovery of wild birds could be summarized in several aspects: the improvement of the welfare of the individual animal, the reinforcement of the natural population after the release, especially in endangered species or long-lived birds, the identification of the causes of morbidity and mortality, and the regulatory changes implemented as a consequence of determining human influences and causes of admission [2], [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Final Disposition and Quality Auditing of the Rehabilitation Process in Wild Raptors Admitted to a Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre in Catalonia, Spain, during a Twelve Year Period (1995–2007)

2013

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BackgroundVariability in reporting and classification methods in previous published data of the final dispositions in the rehabilitation of wild raptors makes use of this data limited in trying to audit the quality of the rehabilitation process. Crude as well as stratified disposition rates are needed if quality auditing of the rehabilitation process is to be adequately performed.MethodologyFinal dispositions of 6221 hospitalized wild raptors admitted at a wildlife rehabilitation centre (WRC) of Catalonia during 1995–2007 were analyzed. These dispositions were calculated as the euthanasia (Er), unassisted mortality (Mr), release (Rr) and captivity rates (Cr)., time to death (Td) for dead and euthanized raptors, and length of stay for released (Tr) raptors was estimated. Stratified analyses by main causes of admission and clinical signs were performed.ResultsThe disposition for the total population were: Er = 30.6%, Mr = 19.1%, Rr = 47.2%, and Cr = 3%. By main causes of admission, Er was higher in the trauma category (34.2%), whereas Mr was found similar between trauma (37.4%) and non-trauma categories (34.8%). The highest Rr was observed for the orphaned group (77.9%). Furthermore, Cr was low in all the categories (<4%). By clinical signs, the highest Er was found in animals suffering musculoskeletal (37.9%) or skin (32.3%) lesions; Mr was high in infectious/parasitic diseases (66.7%) and in case of neurological symptoms (64.5%). The euthanized birds had a median Td = 1 day (P10 = 0-P90 = 59) for both trauma and non-trauma categories, and Td = 36 days for the orphaned young group (P10 = 0; P90 = 596). The median Td in the unassisted dead birds was 2 days for all the categories (P10 = 0-P90 = 31). Finally, the median Tr in the centre was variable among categories.Conclusions/SignificanceReporting of final dispositions in wildlife rehabilitation should include the crude and stratified rates (Er, Mr, Rr, and Cr), by causes and clinical presentation, as well as Td and Tr, to allow meaningful auditing of the rehabilitation process quality.

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“…Like most nocturnal birds of prey, Screech owls rely on their senses of hearing and vision to hunt prey. Two of the primary release criteria in wildlife rehabilitation, the ability to avoid predators and the ability to find food in the wild, are related to proper vision 1 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two of the primary release criteria in wildlife rehabilitation, the ability to avoid predators and the ability to find food in the wild, are related to proper vision. 1 Publications pertaining to avian ophthalmology often focus on the psittacine eye. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] There are few publications specifically pertaining to the raptor eye, with most being case reports highlighting medical or surgical therapy for specific ocular lesions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%