Clinicopathologic study of basaloid squamous carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract

Kim, Jung-Yeon; Cho, Kyung–Ja; Lee, Seung-Sook; Khang, Shin-Kwang; Shim, Yoon-Sang

doi:10.3346/jkms.1998.13.3.269

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Some studies have shown no association of HPV/p16 expression with basaloid squamous cell carcinoma, whereas other recent studies have suggested that HPV may be present and accompanied by strong p16 expression, especially in basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx. [22][23][24][25] It is also important to keep in mind that strong and diffuse p16 staining can occur in adenoid cystic carcinoma, even in the absence of co-existing HPV infection, and focal p16 expression is extremely common in these tumors. Lastly, although p16 overexpression is often used as a surrogate marker for HPV infection in squamous cell carcinoma, it cannot be used in this manner in high-grade adenoid cystic carcinoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of human papilloma virus and p16 expression in high-grade adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck

et al. 2012

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Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, particularly basaloid squamous cell carcinoma, may be difficult to distinguish from high-grade adenoid cystic carcinoma. Evidence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, particularly HPV 16, is frequently found in non-keratinizing oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Immunoreactivity for p16, a surrogate marker for HPV infection, often parallels the HPV infection status in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. However, the incidence and correlation between p16 expression and HPV infection in high-grade adenoid cystic carcinoma is unknown. Sixteen cases of high-grade adenoid cystic carcinoma, three cases of dedifferentiated adenoid cystic carcinoma and eight cases of low-/intermediate-grade adenoid cystic carcinoma were identified for inclusion in the study. All cases were tested by immunohistochemistry for p16 expression and in situ hybridization for high-and low-risk HPV. Eight cases (100%) of low-to-intermediate-grade adenoid cystic carcinoma were focally positive for p16, all of which were negative for HPV. In all, 14 of 16 cases (88%) of high-grade adenoid cystic carcinoma and three cases (100%) of dedifferentiated adenoid cystic carcinoma were positive for p16; strong and diffuse staining was noted in three cases (3 of 19, 16%). Two cases (11%) of high-grade adenoid cystic carcinoma, which were also diffusely positive for p16, showed the presence of high-risk HPV. These findings suggest that the presence of HPV infection in high-grade adenoid cystic carcinoma is infrequent, even in the presence of p16 immunostaining. Nevertheless, HPV positivity should not be used to exclude the possibility of high-grade adenoid cystic carcinoma when the differential diagnosis includes squamous cell carcinoma. Moreover, although p16 overexpression is often used as a surrogate marker for HPV in squamous cell carcinoma, it cannot be used in this manner in high-grade adenoid cystic carcinoma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of human papilloma virus and p16 expression in high-grade adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck

et al. 2012

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“…We have identified 42 cases of BSCC of the hypopharynx reported in the literature [1,3,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Only in 3 papers were more than 4 cases of hypopharyngeal BSCC reported [3,12,15] node metastases at the initial presentation were reported in 21 of 26 cases, distant metastases during the follow-up in 19 of 26 cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Hypopharynx

Zbären¹,

Nuyens²,

Stauffer

2003

ORL

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In a retrospective study, clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) of the hypopharynx are analyzed and compared with the literature. Among 196 patients treated for hypopharyngeal carcinoma between January 1993 and December 2000, 6 patients fulfilled the morphological and immunohistochemical criteria of a BSCC. Three primary tumors were initially classified as T₃ and 3 as T₁, 3 presented with lymph node metastases. In no case was the BSCC associated with another primary neoplasm. Two patients developed distant metastases during the follow-up and died from the disease at 26 and 35 months. Four patients are alive with no evidence of disease at 27, 29, 61 and 87 months. We observed a contrast in the clinical behavior between the cases reported in the literature and our cases, as our BSCC of the hypopharynx were not detected at a more advanced stage than were the SCC and were in no case associated with another second primary tumor. However, the number of our cases is too small to draw reliable conclusions.

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“…Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and in situ hybridization (ISH) techniques, Cabanillis et al [22] found no evidence of HPV DNA in 9 cases of BSCC of the pharynx, 5 of which were oropharyngeal and 4 hypopharyngeal. In another study, no HPV DNA was identified by ISH in 9 cases of BSCC, 7 from the larynx/hypopharynx and 2 from the base of tongue [23]. In contrast, Kleist et al (2004) [24] found 9 of 10 BSCCs of the oropharynx, larynx, and hypopharynx to be HPV positive by PCR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus–positive basaloid squamous cell carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract: a distinct clinicopathologic and molecular subtype of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma

et al. 2010

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Summary Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract is a rare, morphologically distinct variant of squamous cell carcinoma that is thought to be clinically aggressive. The histologic features are distinct from, but often confused with, those of human papillomavirus–related oropharyngeal nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. The role of human papillomavirus as an etiologic agent in true basaloid squamous cell carcinoma is controversial. The purpose of this study was to determine human papillomavirus prevalence and its clinicopathologic significance in upper aerodigestive tract tumors with true basaloid squamous cell carcinoma histology. Twenty-eight cases were identified, 12 in the oropharynx and 16 in the larynx and/or hypopharynx. High-risk human papillomavirus in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry for p16 and p53 were performed. Nine (75%) of the oropharyngeal and none of the larynx/hypopharynx tumors were human papillomavirus positive. Human papillomavirus–positive tumors affected younger patients. No significant statistical differences in patients’ sex, tumor stage, treatment modality, or length of follow-up were observed between the 2 groups. Viral status showed a strong, positive correlation with p16 (P < .001) and a strong, negative correlation with p53 (P < .0001) immunoreactivity. Overall survival was better for human papillomavirus–positive basaloid squamous cell carcinomas (P < .05), with 86% of patients alive at 3 years compared with 35.3% of patients with human papillomavirus–negative tumors. These findings suggest that a subset of basaloid squamous cell carcinomas is virally driven. These tumors occur almost exclusively in the oropharynx, are molecularly distinct from their human papillomavirus–negative counterparts, and have a more favorable clinical outcome.

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Clinicopathologic study of basaloid squamous carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Detection of human papilloma virus and p16 expression in high-grade adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck

Detection of human papilloma virus and p16 expression in high-grade adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Hypopharynx

Human papillomavirus–positive basaloid squamous cell carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract: a distinct clinicopathologic and molecular subtype of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma

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