Clinicopathological spectrum of peripheral lung tumors in resected lung specimens: a single institutional study in a tertiary care centre

Abstract

Background: Lung cancer is the most common cancer and by far the leading cause of cancer death among both men and women in the world. In Kashmir, in the recent study, Lung carcinoma was found to be second common in males and sixth in females in Kashmir. This study was carried out to study the demography, clinical presentation, risk factors and histopathological pattern of peripheral lung tumours in resected specimens and to evaluate the added advantage of Immunohistochemistry for enhancing the diagnostic accuracy.Methods: It was a five-year study conducted in the Department of Pathology, SKIMS and the cases from June 2009 to April 2012 were analysed retrospectively while the cases from June 2012 to May 2014 were evaluated prospectively. A total of 97 cases with peripheral lung tumor in whom resection was done were studied.Results: Majority of the cases were seen in males (84.53%) in the fifth decade of life. Cough was the most common symptom, present in 58.76% patients. Right lung was involved in majority of the cases, 57.95% and left lung was involved in 42.04 %. Maximum growth size as seen on gross examination was 8 cm and minimum were 1 cms. Most common histopathological subtype was squamous cell carcinoma seen in 64.94% followed by adenocarcinoma seen in 19.58% of the patients. Lymph nodes were involved in 41 cases (52.56%) and were free in 37 patients (47.43%). IHC was done wherever required and was consistent with histopathology.Conclusions: To improve the therapeutic results of lung cancers efforts for early detection and treatment are essential. Timely intervention with the help of surgery, histopathology and immunohistochemistry are hence very helpful.