Clinicopathological study of thyroid swellings in HSK hospital in Karnataka, India

Abstract

Background: A thyroid enlargement whether diffuses or in the form of nodules have to be investigated to rule out neoplasm. FNAC is the first line of investigation. USG and TFT are also used. The cases which are at high risk are considered for surgery. Aims and objectives of the study was the clinical presentation of thyroid swellings, incidence of various thyroid swelling, benign versus malignant lesion and to correlate the clinical diagnosis with that of pathological diagnosis.Methods: A case series study of 60 patients attending surgical OPD IPD with symptoms of thyroid in SNMRC and HSK hospital Bagalkot between 1-1-2015 to 30-6-2016. After detailed history thorough, clinical examination was carried out all the patients underwent routine investigations TFT FNAC USG neck. Few patients underwent surgery and all the thyroid specimens were sent for HPE and the clinical diagnosis is correlated with that of pathological diagnosis.Results: Of 60 cases female to male ratio was 9:1. The age group involved is between 31-40 years (31.67%). Duration of goiter is less than one year in 60% of cases. The chief complaint was swelling in front of the neck 100%. Duration of swelling ranged from 15 days to 15 years. Toxic features were present in 18.33% of cases, but after TFT the toxic cases were only 6.67%. Most of the patient showed colloid goiter (43.33%) on FNAC. Out of 60 cases only 22 cases did undergo surgery histopathological specimen were colloid versus nodular goiter in 81.88% out of 22 cases only.Conclusions: Thyroid swellings are common in females they occur in 3rd and 4th decade most commonly. FNAC is very useful in the diagnosis. The main indications of surgery are cosmetic problems, pressure effect symptoms are suspicion of malignancy.

Study of cytomorphological spectrum of various thyroid lesions and reporting under bethesda system in tertiary care centre

“…The most common variety was lymphocytic thyroiditis and colloid goitre followed by papillary carcinoma and medullary carcinoma. This study is corroborated with Halbhavi SN et al (30) who studied 22 operated cases out of 60 patients in which 3.33% were malignant and 33.33% were benign.…”

A clinico-pathological study of patients with thyroid swelling and their management in a tertiary care centre in western Uttar Pradesh

“…It may present as a nodule (single or multiple), generalised diffuse swelling or with grossly altered gland architecture (as in multinodular goitre) along with normal or deranged serum thyroid profile. 1 Thyroid diseases are common worldwide and in India too there is a significant burden of thyroid disease. It has been estimated that thyroid disease has a reported prevalence of 4% to 7% in the general population on neck palpation.…”

Preoperative thyroid stimulating hormone level as risk factor for differentiated thyroid cancer

“…Our results disagree with what found by Santosh et al, were he revealed in their study that only 10% of cases of malignant and Halbhavi et al, who found also only 10.3% of his cases belonged to malignant group. 8,10 As well as Borsaikia and Patar, who found that follicular carcinoma (4.24%) was more commonly than papillary carcinoma (1.41%). 9 Our results revealed increase serum level of TSH in malignant cases than in benign cases and this was agree with what reported by Tamhane and Gharib in their study that Boelaert et al, and Haymart et al, where they concluded in their studies that increased serum TSH or TSH even in the upper limit of normal is associated with increased risk and advanced stage of malignancy which.…”

“…Our study revealed that the age was older in malignant cases and females were commonly affected than males [8][9][10] Neck swelling was the main presenting symptom in our cases which was mainly nodular with little cases of smooth swelling which was in agreement with Santosh et al, Borsaikia and Patar and Halbhavi et al [8][9][10] The histopathologic examination of our cases revealed that the most common benign thyroid swelling was multinodular goiter followed by thyroid adenoma while the most common malignant thyroid swelling was papillary carcinoma followed by follicular carcinoma. Tamhane and Gharib, revealed in their study that the most common malignant carcinoma was the papillary carcinoma (97-99%) and follicular carcinoma constitute about little percentage which agreed with our results.…”