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Background: A thyroid enlargement whether diffuses or in the form of nodules have to be investigated to rule out neoplasm. FNAC is the first line of investigation. USG and TFT are also used. The cases which are at high risk are considered for surgery. Aims and objectives of the study was the clinical presentation of thyroid swellings, incidence of various thyroid swelling, benign versus malignant lesion and to correlate the clinical diagnosis with that of pathological diagnosis.Methods: A case series study of 60 patients attending surgical OPD IPD with symptoms of thyroid in SNMRC and HSK hospital Bagalkot between 1-1-2015 to 30-6-2016. After detailed history thorough, clinical examination was carried out all the patients underwent routine investigations TFT FNAC USG neck. Few patients underwent surgery and all the thyroid specimens were sent for HPE and the clinical diagnosis is correlated with that of pathological diagnosis.Results: Of 60 cases female to male ratio was 9:1. The age group involved is between 31-40 years (31.67%). Duration of goiter is less than one year in 60% of cases. The chief complaint was swelling in front of the neck 100%. Duration of swelling ranged from 15 days to 15 years. Toxic features were present in 18.33% of cases, but after TFT the toxic cases were only 6.67%. Most of the patient showed colloid goiter (43.33%) on FNAC. Out of 60 cases only 22 cases did undergo surgery histopathological specimen were colloid versus nodular goiter in 81.88% out of 22 cases only.Conclusions: Thyroid swellings are common in females they occur in 3rd and 4th decade most commonly. FNAC is very useful in the diagnosis. The main indications of surgery are cosmetic problems, pressure effect symptoms are suspicion of malignancy.

Background: Chronic ulceration of the lower leg is a frequent condition, with a prevalence in the population over 60 years of age. The incidence of ulceration is rising as a result of the ageing population and increased risk factors for atherosclerotic occlusion such as smoking, obesity and diabetes. Ulcers can be defined as wounds with a ‘full thickness depth’ and a ‘slow healing tendency”. In general, the slow healing tendency is not simply explained by depth and size, but caused by an underlying pathogenetic factor that needs to be removed to induce healing. The main causes are venous valve insufficiency, lower extremity arterial disease and diabetes, less frequent conditions are infection, vasculitis, skin malignancies and ulcerating skin diseases such as pyoderma gangrenosum. For a proper treatment of patients with leg ulcers it is important to be aware of the large differential diagnosis of leg ulceration and to effectively manage the conditions.Methods: Prospective study of 80 cases of chronic lower limb ulcers admitted at S. Nijalingappa medical college and HSK hospital and research centre, Bagalkot during the period January 2019 to June 2020, with regular dressings, debridement, skin grafting’s, amputations, treating underlying systemic diseases were done.Results: In a study of 80 cases, most of the patients with lower limb ulcers had an underlying systemic disease like diabetes, vascular insufficiency both arterial and venous.Conclusions: In a prospective study of 80 patients having chronic lower limb ulcers the commonest ulcer was diabetic foot ulcers followed by arterial/ischemic ulcers. The highest incidence is seen in sixth decade of life with male predominance.

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Background: Acute pancreatitis has widely variable clinical and systemic manifestations spanning the spectrum from a mild, self-limiting episode of epigastric pain to severe, life-threatening, multiorgan failure posing a significant therapeutic challenge for the health care providers. Bedside index of severity in acute pancreatitis (BISAP) is a scoring system that would precisely predict severity as early as within the first 24 hours of the course of acute pancreatitis. This study aims to compare BISAP and Ranson’s score to establish the validity of a simple and accurate clinical scoring system for stratifying patients.Methods: All 84 cases admitted at HSK Hospital and SNMC, Bagalkot and diagnosed as acute pancreatitis were included in this study, from January 2019 to June 2020. Clinical evaluation in the form of detailed history, per abdominal, systemic examination and laboratory investigations, both BISAP and Ranson’s score were applied and compared, based upon data obtained at admission, within 24 hours and at 48 hours of hospitalization.Results: Out of 84 cases with a male to female ratio of 16:1, majority belonged to age group 31-40 years (42%) and most common etiological factor being alcohol consumption (74%); 19% patients had severe acute pancreatitis and 68% patients had length of hospital stay less than a week. Major organ failure and pancreatic necrosis, severity of BISAP and Ranson’s score were found to be significantly correlated, (p<0.001); mortality was found to be 1.2%.Conclusions: Compared to Ranson’s score, BISAP score is equally effective in finding out the frequency of severity and predicting mortality in patients with acute pancreatitis .The values in BISAP score are instantaneous with no time delay.