Clock Drawing Test in Elderly Individuals With Different Education Levels

Cecato, Juliana Francisca; Fiorese, Bruna; Montiel, José María; Bartholomeu, Daniel; Martinelli, José Eduardo

doi:10.1177/1533317512463954

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Several studies suggests problems in differentiate cognitive functions on AD and MCI elderly with higher educational levels, because of ceiling effect of some cognitive tests (Cecato et al, 2012;Fuzikawa et al, 2007;Aprahamian et al, 2010) increasing the importance of the present study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Discriminative Power of Montreal Cognitive Assessment

Cecato¹,

Martinelli²,

Montiel³

et al. 2014

JMED

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The results obtained by means of ROC curve showed that MoCA is a good screening test to differentiate elderly with Alzheimer's disease from mild cognitive impaired ones with 82.2% sensitivity and 92.3% specificity. Also, we perform an MANOVA and the results suggest significant differences between the three studied groups.We concluded that MoCA is a good screening instrument to assess mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer´s disease in elderly with more than 4 years of schooling.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Discriminative Power of Montreal Cognitive Assessment

Cecato¹,

Martinelli²,

Montiel³

et al. 2014

JMED

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“… 39 , 40 There are few studies in community-dwelling samples or cognitively normal elderly. 22 , 41 - 43 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific algorithm method of scoring the Clock Drawing Test applied in cognitively normal elderly

Mendes-Santos

Mograbi

Spenciere

et al. 2015

Dement. neuropsychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Clock Drawing Test (CDT) is an inexpensive, fast and easily administered measure of cognitive function, especially in the elderly. This instrument is a popular clinical tool widely used in screening for cognitive disorders and dementia. The CDT can be applied in different ways and scoring procedures also vary.ObjectiveThe aims of this study were to analyze the performance of elderly on the CDT and evaluate inter-rater reliability of the CDT scored by using a specific algorithm method adapted from Sunderland et al. (1989).MethodsWe analyzed the CDT of 100 cognitively normal elderly aged 60 years or older. The CDT ("free-drawn") and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were administered to all participants. Six independent examiners scored the CDT of 30 participants to evaluate inter-rater reliability.Results and ConclusionA score of 5 on the proposed algorithm ("Numbers in reverse order or concentrated"), equivalent to 5 points on the original Sunderland scale, was the most frequent (53.5%). The CDT specific algorithm method used had high inter-rater reliability (p<0.01), and mean score ranged from 5.06 to 5.96. The high frequency of an overall score of 5 points may suggest the need to create more nuanced evaluation criteria, which are sensitive to differences in levels of impairment in visuoconstructive and executive abilities during aging.

show abstract

“…Nesse sentido, pode-se dizer que, ao serem consideradas em conjunto com testes de FV ou gráficos como o TDR, a idade e a escolaridade não apresentam grande peso na explicação do DA. Tal fato é curioso e convida a novas pesquisas, principalmente quando se considera o fato de que o nível educacional é frequentemente tido como um critério importante para o diagnóstico de DA (Albert et al, 2011;Cecato, Fiorese, Montiel, Bartholomeu, & Martinelli, 2012). Há que se considerar também que o nível educacional não teve grande variabilidade nesta pesquisa, sendo essa uma de suas limitações, com os pacientes exibindo, em sua maioria, níveis educacionais medianos.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified