Clonidine as adjuvant for mepivacaine, ropivacaine and bupivacaine in axillary, perivascular brachial plexus block

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of clonidine on three local anesthetics (mepivacaine 1%, ropivacaine 0.75% and bupivacaine 0.5%) with comparable potency and almost the same concentration-response relationship.Methods: One hundred and twenty trauma-patients were randomly allocated into six groups. In the control-groups (Mo/Ro/Bo) brachial plexus was performed using 40 mL of local anesthetic plus 1 mL of NaCL 0.9%. In the clonidine-groups (Mc/Rc/Bc) brachial plexus was performed using each 40 mL of drug plus 1 mL (0.150 mg) of clonidine. Onset-time and the duration of the sensory block were recorded. Data are expressed as mean ± SD.Results: According to the average sensory block determined by a visual analog scale in the median, ulnar and radial nerve distributions and ranging from 100 (no sensory blockade) to 0 (complete sensory blockade), both mepi-groups showed a rapid onset (at 10 min: -Mo 20 ± 15 / Mc 19 ± 14; at 30 min: -Mo 3 ± 4 / Mc 5 ± 4). The ropi-and bupi-groups both had a longer onset time (at 10 min: -Ro 23 ± 19 / Rc 25 ± 22 / Bo 24 ± 15; at 30 min -Ro1 0 ± 6 / Rc11 ± 6 / Bo 12 ± 4). The onset time in group-Bc was significantly prolonged (at 10 min: -45 ± 21; at 30 min: -20 ± 6).

The Effect of Clonidine on Lidocaine Induced Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block

“…Which was also found with studies conducted by Francois J Singelyn et al 13 and Jean J Eledjam et al 15 using Lidocaine and mepivacaine respectively. Similar observation was found in the studies conducted by Duma et al 16 and Erlacher W et al Where the onset time was prolonged as long acting local anesthetics were used unlike intermediate acting local anesthetics like Lidocaine which was used in our study.…”

A Comparitive Evaluation of 0.75% Ropivacaine With Clonidine and 0.75% Ropivacaine With Dexmedetomidine in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block- A Prospective Randomised Double-Blind Study

“…16,17 Casati 18 evaluated the effects of clonidine 1 mcg/kg added to ropivacaine and found longer onset of time to establish block in clonidine group. Erlacher et al 19 compared the effect of adding clonidine to different LAs like mepivacaine, bupivacaine and ropivacaine and found that clonidine has a different impact on each of the LAs in terms of onset and block prolonging action.…”

Comparison of effects of dexmedetomidine and clonidine as adjuvant to bupivacaine 0.25% in ultrasound guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block

“…It supports the analgesic action at peripheral sites. 4 Dexmedetomidine, a selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist, has been used as an adjuvant during regional and local anesthesia. 5,6 Animal and human studies have shown safety and efficacy of adding dexmedetomidine to local anaesthetics in various regional anaesthetic procedures, such as subarachnoid, epidural, and caudal injections, yet other investigations have reported reduced or negative analgesic effects when using dexmedetomidine.…”